The low concentrations (0.25, 0.5, 1 mM) of SA, OA, LA, and ALA have no significant effect on the viability of HepG2 cells. However, HepG2 cells viability was significantly inhibited (over 25%) as the concentration of FA was 2 mM (Figure 3A). Nrf2 protein (Figures 3B,C) and mRNA (Figure 3E) expression was increased with the increasing doses of SA, OA, and ALA (0.25, 0.5, 1 mM). Nrf2 protein (Figures 3B,C) and mRNA (Figure 3E) expression was decreased gradually in HepG2 cells administered with increasing doses of LA (0.25, 0.5, 1 mM), but these expression levels were found higher than the control group. CYP2A6 protein (Figures 3B,D) and mRNA (Figure 3F) expressions were both dose-dependently up-regulated in HepG2 cells treated with SA, OA, LA, and ALA in comparison with the control cells.
