The GWA study meta-analyses of seven diabetes-related glycemic traits analyzed in this work were part of the Meta-Analyses of Glucose and Insulin-related traits Consortium (MAGIC) [37], [38] (Soranzo N. et al., unpublished data). These seven traits include fasting glucose concentrations, fasting insulin concentrations, 2-hour glucose and 2-hour insulin concentrations after an oral glucose tolerance test, indices of β-cell function (HOMA-B) and of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), calculated from fasting glucose and insulin measures using homeostasis model assessment [49], and HbA1C (glycated hemoglobin) levels. The meta-analyses for fasting glucose, fasting insulin, HOMA-B and HOMA-IR were performed on 20 or 21 GWA studies with a total of 36,466 to 46,186 non-diabetic individuals [37], [38], the meta-analyses for 2-hour glucose and 2-hour insulin were performed across 9 studies and a total of 15,234 individuals [37], [38], and the meta-analysis for HbA1C was performed across 23 cohorts with a total of 35,920 non-diabetic individuals (Soranzo N. et al., unpublished data). The total number of genotyped and imputed autosomal SNPs analyzed in these seven meta-analyses varied between 2,323,569 and 2,748,910 SNPs.
