The largest significant PAC clusters were found in the alpha-gamma domain of both men (M15, Table 2B) and women (W16, W17, Table 2A). The AUD group exhibited greater PAC than the unaffected group in all significant alpha-gamma clusters regardless of sex. Men in the AUD group had significantly greater PAC than the unaffected group in the M15 cluster (U = 23397, p = 0.0182, CLES = 0.568, r = 0.136). The AUD group distribution of PAC estimates from this cluster revealed a significant shift towards greater PAC compared to the unaffected group distribution (Fig. 2B, cluster 15: AUD median = 0.7556, unaffected median = 0.7436).