In this review we will focus on the reprogramming of somatic cells into patient-specific hiPSCs to model four neurodegenerative diseases, namely Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD), Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and Alzheimer's disease (AD), and other applications in neurotrauma, through summarizing the different protocols that are used in each for the reprogramming and differentiation processes (Figure 1).