All mothers were administered identical questionnaires and received incentive grocery gift cards. The questionnaire was developed and refined to gather information in this population (May et al., 2005, 2008a; Viljoen et al., 2002) to quantify maternal risk factors ranging from general health and nutrition, child bearing, and socioeconomic status before, during, and after gestation of the index child. When interviewed, the maternal respondents were unaware if the index child had an FASD. Interviewers were aware in only some instances (due to logistical duties in the physical exam clinics) that any provisional diagnosis of possible FASD existed. Non-threatening questions on general health and childbearing were asked first, and then nutrition, for alcohol consumption responses are more accurate in this format (King, 1994). Then the QFT of the mother’s current drinking were introduced and explored via a 1-week, day-by-day log and other questions.
