I SNP rs2531995 is located within adenylate cyclase 9 (ADCY9), which catalyzes the formation of cyclic AMP from ATP. This SNP was found to be associated with ADCY9 expression in several tissue types (Supplementary Table 8). Loci near other adenylate cyclase genes have been associated with several T2D-related traits, such as glucose homeostasis and susceptibility to T2D (ADCY5).38,39 The obesity class II SNP rs17024258 is located 207kb from the lipid-related gene sortilin (SORT1), which is expressed in multiple cell types and has been reported to be involved in insulin responsiveness in adipose cells.40 Decreased levels of sortilin have been observed in adipose tissues of morbidly obese humans and mice, and in skeletal muscle of obese mice.41 A more comprehensive summary of the biological relevance of the genes nearest to all novel loci is given in the Supplementary Note.
