The Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism (COGA) currently consists of 12,145 individuals with GWAS data. The goal of COGA is to elucidate the genetic underpinnings of alcohol use disorders and problem drinking across the lifespan. The study is described in detail elsewhere (Begleiter et al., 1995; Bucholz et al., 2017). Briefly, probands were identified through primarily inpatient alcohol treatment programs at seven U.S. sites. Probands and their family members were invited to participate if they had a sufficiently large family (usually > 3 sibs with parents available) with two or more members in the COGA catchment area. Control families (2 parents and 3 or more offspring over the age of 14) were also selected from a variety of sources, (e.g., dental clinics, driver license registries). The Institutional Review Boards at all sites approved this study and written consent was obtained from all participants. As the PRS were derived from a sample of Europeans, only individuals identified as part of the European American subsample of COGA, determined using genomic data, were included in the analyses reported here (N =
