It is challenging to elucidate neural mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effect of rTMS in any neurological or psychiatric disorders. By employing neuroimaging technologies including MRI and positron emission tomography (PET), studies suggest that rTMS intervention can induce both structural and functional neuroplastic changes in the human brain (Su et al., 2020). Considering the disrupted cortico‐hippocampal interactions in ID patients, rTMS may rewire these impaired connections. Our current rTMS‐EEG paradigm, together with previous rTMS‐MRI studies (Li et al., 2022), would enhance our understanding of the neurobiological mechanism of the therapeutic effect of rTMS in ID patients. Meanwhile, the improvement of metaplasticity in ID patients by rTMS deserves further study (Cantone et al., 2021).
