Cells were dissociated using Accutase, washed with DMEM, and resuspended in FACS buffer (1× PBS [without Mg2+/Ca2] containing 1%, v/v, BSA and TO-PRO3 [1 μM, Thermo Fisher Scientific] and filtered using a 40-μm filter [BD Biosciences]). Cytometry was performed using an LSR II or FACS Canto (BD Biosciences) and analysis was performed using FlowJo (v.8.7.3, Tree Star).