Chunk #19 — 3. Results — 3.3. Evaluating the interaction between the 5-HTTLPR short allele and childhood maltreatment in predicting cross-sectional snapshots of adult depression

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Serotonin transporter gene moderates childhood maltreatment's effects on persistent but not single-episode depression: replications and implications for resolving inconsistent results.

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We first evaluated genetic (5-HTTLPR) and environmental (childhood maltreatment) main effects. There was no consistent association between 5-HTTLPR and cross-sectional depression in either cohort (Table 1). In contrast, childhood maltreatment was significantly associated with adult depression at each of the four occasions in both cohorts (Table 2). Regardless of the measurement occasion in adulthood, individuals who had been maltreated in childhood were significantly more likely to experience depression during a given 12-month period.