To evaluate the effects of parental psychopathology or risk group status on offspring outcome, K-SADS diagnoses were analyzed by grouping diagnoses into internalizing or externalizing groups and by presence of “any” diagnosis (Table 3 and Table 4). Grouping allowed for sufficient power to adequately test the models. The internalizing disorder group included mood (MDD, mania), anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder [GAD], Panic Disorder [PD], Phobias, Overanxious Disorder [OAD], Separation Anxiety [SA]), and Obsessive Compulsive Disorder [OCD] . Externalizing disorders included CD, ADHD, ODD, and Alcohol Abuse, Alcohol Dependence, Drug Abuse, and Drug Dependence.