Leveraging the deep phenotypic assessment available in the Yale-Penn cohort, we investigated the effects of different SDs on suicidality. AD and ND were positively associated with all suicidality outcomes tested in line with previous studies and meta-analyses36,37. In contrast, the other SDs investigated appear not to have the same effect across suicidality spectrum but rather specifically affect certain outcomes. The most intriguing results are related to CaD, which was associated positively with SI, negatively with SA, and a null effect was observed with respect to persistent SI and SP. A meta-analysis of studies on cannabis use and suicidality showed a positive association of cannabis use with SI, SA, and death by suicide38. Our analysis was based on a comprehensive assessment of multiple SDs including CaD, and, for that specific trait, the results are controlled for the effect of other SDs on suicidality. These methodological differences could explain the inconsistency between our findings and those of the previous meta-analysis. Further, the previous meta-analysis focused on varying degrees of cannabis use (any, chronic, and heavy cannabis use), while our analysis investigated CaD.
