Sub-samples used in the current study included individuals with current (past-year) alcohol dependence (n=1,172) and nicotine dependence (n=4,017) at Wave 1 who were reassessed at Wave 2; these subsamples have been described previously (22). In brief, alcohol dependent participants were mostly male (68.0%), White (69.9%), young (75.2% under age 40), and high school graduates (83.4%). Of the nicotine dependent subsample, the majority were also male (52.9%), White (79.6%), young (51.4% under age 40), and high school graduates (82.0%). For demographic information by childhood maltreatment status, please see Supplemental Tables 1 and 2.
