For the father-report model, distal effects of both mothers’ and fathers’ lifetime alcoholism diagnoses predicted greater father-reported child externalizing symptoms. In addition, proximal effects of father’s (but not mother’s) alcohol-related symptoms increased risk for father-reported child externalizing symptoms. A marginally significant time-varying effect for father’s (but again not mother’s) alcohol-related symptoms was also found to increase risk for father-reported child externalizing symptoms. No significant study effects were found, and thus these interactions were trimmed in the final model as reported in Table 2.
