studies have also suggested a role for astrocyte pathogenesis in ALS that also express the mutant SOD1 gene contributing to the death of motor neurons (Di Giorgio et al., 2007; Nagai et al., 2007). This authenticates the importance of iPSCs technology in studying both neuronal and astrocytic cell lineages to uncover the mechanism of action of riluzole and to discover new drugs that might provide a ray of hope for ALS patients.