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Chunk #15 — RESULTS: — Genetic overlap

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Genome-wide association analyses of risk tolerance and risky behaviors in over 1 million individuals identify hundreds of loci and shared genetic influences.
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Several long-range LD regions, candidate inversions, and LD blocks19 stand out for being associated both with general risk tolerance and with all or most of the supplementary phenotypes. We tested whether the signs of the lead SNPs located in these regions tend to be concordant across our primary and supplementary GWAS. We strongly rejected the null hypothesis of no concordance (P < 3×10–30; Supplementary Note), suggesting that these regions represent shared genetic influences, rather than colocalization of causal SNPs. Fig. 1b and Supplementary Fig. 6 show local Manhattan plots for some of these long-range LD regions and candidate inversions. The long-range LD region18 on chromosome 3 (~83.4 to 86.9 Mb) contains lead SNPs from all seven GWAS as well as the most significant lead SNP from the general-risk-tolerance GWAS, rs993137 (P = 2.14×10–40), which is located in the gene CADM2. Another long-range LD region, on chromosome 6 (~25.3 to 33.4 Mb), covers the HLA-complex and contains lead SNPs from all GWAS except drinks per week. Three candidate inversions on chromosomes 7 (~124.6 to 132.7 Mb), 8 (~7.89 to 11.8 Mb),