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Chunk #14 — RESULTS: — Genetic overlap

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Genome-wide association analyses of risk tolerance and risky behaviors in over 1 million individuals identify hundreds of loci and shared genetic influences.
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There is substantial overlap across the results of our GWAS. For example, 46 of the 99 general-risk-tolerance loci contain a lead SNP of at least one of the other GWAS, and 72 of the 124 general-risk-tolerance lead SNPs are in weak LD (pairwise r2 > 0.1) with a lead SNP of at least one of the other GWAS (including 45 for adventurousness and 49 for at least one of the four risky behaviors or their first PC). To empirically assess if this overlap could be attributed to chance, we conducted resampling exercises under the null hypothesis that the lead SNPs of our supplementary GWAS are distributed independently of the general-risk-tolerance loci and lead SNPs. We strongly rejected this null hypothesis (P < 0.0001; Supplementary Note).