Although P3 is a well-established endophenotype indexing risk for developing AUD and related disorders, it is not a unitary neuroelectric phenomena, and consists of overlapping oscillatory activity of different frequency bands generated by multiple sources, with contributions from frontal cortex (including anterior cingulate), parietal cortex, and hippocampus (cited from Pandey et al., 2016). There is ample evidence that examining frequency bands within ERO responses provide better representations of underlying cognitive processes. Here, we examined theta frequency (4–7.5 Hz; 200–400 ms) band for Fz (frontal) electrode location. For the time-frequency representation of the EEG derived from the stimulus locked target condition trials of Visual Oddball Paradigm, the S-transform method was used to obtain power values of successful trials to targets (for details see Pandey et al., 2016). Power values time-locked to the target condition in the Theta band at the Fz electrode location for each trial were then averaged to derive evoked power values for each participant.
