Aim 4 (rare variation) will continue the PGC’s CNV efforts (34). The PGC CNV group has created a pipeline to call CNVs from the initial intensity files using multiple algorithms followed by careful quality control and analysis. The initial schizophrenia paper has been published, and this group is now working on bipolar disorder, ADHD, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and will include more groups with time.