We created PRS derived from publicly available large-scale GWASs. Information on genotyping and quality control is available in the Supplementary information (Section 1). We created PRS using a Bayesian regression and continuous shrinkage method (PRS-CS)26. PRS-CS uses LD information from an external reference panel (1000 Genomes Phase III European subsample) to estimate the posterior effect sizes for each SNP in a given set of GWAS summary statistics. Both empirical tests and simulations have shown improved predictive power above traditional methods of score construction26. For computational purposes, we limited the SNPS for score creation to HapMap3 SNPs that overlapped between the original GWAS summary statistics, the LD reference panel, and the target samples for score creation. We converted PRS to Z-scores for interpretation.
