Past studies have reported gender differences in alcoholic subtypes, including an excess of women in internalizing subtypes and an excess of men in antisocial/externalizing subtypes (Epstein et al., 2002; Moss et al., 2007; Carpenter and Hasin, 2001; Pombo and Lesch, 2009). These differences correspond to gender differences in the prevalence of internalizing and externalizing disorders in the total population (Grant et al., 20041, 2004b, Stinson et al., 2005). The few studies that have examined gender differences in the comorbidity of alcohol dependence have reported disparate findings. Data from the NCS revealed that lifetime associations of alcohol dependence with prior drug use disorder and ASPD (externalizing psychopathology) were twice as great for women as for men, although the difference was significant only for drug use disorder. There were no significant gender differences in the NCS lifetime associations of alcohol dependence with prior mood and anxiety disorders (Kessler et al., 1997). Data on 12-month disorders from the European Study of the Epidemiology of Mental Disorders (ESEMeD) showed alcohol dependence was more strongly associated with GAD among men but more strongly associated with
