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Chunk #12 — RESULTS: — Association analyses

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Genome-wide association analyses of risk tolerance and risky behaviors in over 1 million individuals identify hundreds of loci and shared genetic influences.
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Applying our locus definition, we identified a total of 703 “locus associations”: the sum total of the 99 general-risk-tolerance loci together with the 604 loci from the supplementary GWAS (Supplementary Note). Pooling the loci corresponding to the 703 locus associations, and merging loci within 250 kb from each other, yields 444 distinct loci. COJO analyses13 identified a sum total of 655 conditional associations across all seven GWAS. (If we instead consider the seven GWAS jointly and use a Bonferroni-corrected P value threshold of 7.1×10−9 (= 5×10−8/7), we obtain 464 locus associations and 505 conditional associations across the seven GWAS.) We verified that the results of the COJO analyses are consistent with those from multiple regressions using individual-level genotype-dosage data from the UKB (Supplementary Note). Supplementary Tables 3 and 6–7 report the lead SNPs, the genomic loci, and the results of the COJO analyses. Table 1 also shows the SNP heritabilities17 of the seven phenotypes, calculated from the GWAS results; the SNP heritabilities range from ~0.05 (for general risk tolerance) to ~0.16 (for the first PC of the four risky behaviors).