Each participant undertook one IV alcohol self‐administration session. Participants were instructed to avoid consuming alcohol after 4 PM on the previous day and to not eat anything after midnight. Each was admitted to the outpatient section of the Indiana Clinical Research Center at Indiana University Hospital at approximately 8 AM; all participants had a zero BrAC and females had a negative urine pregnancy test. Smokers were offered nicotine replacement during the session (none accepted). A standardized breakfast was provided, followed by antecubital IV catheter placement in the non‐dominant arm. In response to the participant's experimental choices, the required infusion rate profile was calculated in real time, utilizing an individualized physiologically based pharmacokinetic model 42 and the computer‐assisted alcohol infusion system (CAIS 43 , 44 , 45 ). BrAC was measured frequently throughout the experiment. The safety limit, above which alcohol self‐administration was suspended, was 150 mg/dl. Participants were not informed of their BrAC at any time.
