We assessed the prevalent detection of HPV16 and other oncogenic HPV types (across all visits) and their relationships with host immune status (i.e., CD4 / HIV RNA stratum, defined as a time-dependent covariate) using GEE. The prevalence of HPV16 infection varied by host immune status. For example, HPV16 prevalence (model(1.2)) was significantly greater among HIV-positive women with CD4+ count <200 cells/mm3 and HIV viral load >100,000 copies/mL compared with HIV-negative women (OR = 4.66 ,95% confidence interval [CI],2.60–8.35). However, the same effect estimate measured across oncogenic types (model (1.3)) was much stronger (OR = 10.82,95% CI,8.32–14.08) than that for HPV16 alone, suggesting that there may be type-specific differences in these associations.
