of parental problem drinking (Ohannessian, 2013). Importantly, Mares, van der Vorst, Engels, and Lichtwarck-Aschoff (2011) found that discussion of alcohol use mediated the relationship between parental alcohol use and excessive adolescent drinking. El-Sheikh and Buckhalt (2003) also found that children (ages 6 to 12) with higher levels of family cohesion and adaptability were protected against the harmful effects of parental problem drinking. However, family cohesion and adaptability served only as partial mediators between parental problem drinking and externalizing and internalizing outcomes. These studies suggest family functioning may play an important role in COAs families. Therefore, the current study focused on the mediating roles of family cohesion and adolescent-parent communication.
