Parental monitoring and enforcing rules against substance use serve as a protective factor for adolescent substance use (Dishion et al., 2003; Dishion and Kavanagh, 2003); therefore, the ABCD Study uses a 9-item parent-administered instrument covers parent rules about the use of substances in the home and enforcement of family rules. The instrument was modified from the Rules on Drinking and Smoking Questionnaire (Dishion et al., 2003; Dishion and Kavanagh, 2003) used in the Internet Surveys about you (iSay) study – a prospective study on alcohol initiation and progression in adolescents (Jackson et al., 2015, Jackson et al., 2014); this was expanded to include rules about cannabis for the ABCD Study. Three questions are asked of the parent for the three primary substances of experimentation for this age group (alcohol, cannabis, cigarettes), beginning with a question about the rules for their child’s use. Five response options range from “my child is not allowed to drink/use marijuana/smoke cigarettes under any circumstances” to “I do not set rules about my child’s drinking/marijuana use/smoking cigarettes” with an additional response option of “I have not
