P = 0.024] and period [F(4,148) = 4.72, P = 0.001]. Because there was no group × period interaction effect [F(4,148) = 1.08, P = 0.369], PAC was not modulated differently between patients and controls. To investigate the effect of period, we tested the difference between each two adjacent periods. As shown in Fig. 5C, post hoc testing for the main effect of period indicated that, across subjects, dynPAC decreased significantly during the build-up of the press force compared with the pre-onset period (P1 versus P2). Then, the PAC value rebounded during maintained pressing (P2 vs. P3). In addition, the decrease of dynPAC values from force release to the period after the press offset (P4 vs. P5) showed marginal significance. This finding indicates that dynPAC was modulated across movement transitions before force build-up and after releasing actions.
