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Chunk #21 — Methods — Estimation process

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Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 84 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks, 1990-2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016.
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data sources used for relative risks are provided in searchable form through an online source tool.Table 2GBD 2016 risk factor hierarchy and accompanying exposure definitions, theoretical minimum risk exposure level, and data representativeness index for each risk factor, pre-2006, 2006–16, and total (across all years)Risk factorsExposure definitionTheoretical minimum risk exposure levelData representativeness index<20062006–16Total0All····100·0%100·0%100·0%1Environmental and occupational risks····100·0%100·0%100·0%2Unsafe water, sanitation, and handwashing····58·0%75·4%70·0%3Unsafe water sourceProportion of households with access to different water sources (unimproved, improved except piped, piped water supply) and reported use of household water treatment methods (boiling or filtering, chlorinating or solar filtering, no treatment)All households have access to water from a piped water supply that is also boiled or filtered before drinking70·1%88·4%83·5%3Unsafe sanitationProportion of households with access to different sanitation facilities (unimproved, improved except sewer, sewer connection)All households have access to toilets with sewer connection69·5%88·4%83·5%3No access to handwashing facilityProportion of households with access to handwashing facility with soap, water, and wash stationAll households have access to handwashing facility with soap, water, and wash station10·3%33·3%35·4%2Air pollution····100·0%100·0%100·0%3Ambient particulate matter pollutionAnnual average daily exposure to outdoor air concentrations of PM2·5Uniform distribution between 2·4 μg/m3 and 5·9 μg/m323·1%56·9%78·0%3Household air pollution from solid fuelsIndividual exposure to PM2·5 due to use of solid cooking fuelsNo households