that children with FASD displayed a 3.1% increase in characteristic path length, implying less reliance on long-distance communication and a greater reliance on multiple smaller connections in the neural network. In addition, they showed a 1.9% reduction in global efficiency, suggesting reduced network capacity for parallel information processing. The clinical significance of such change is not yet understood, but the alcohol-exposed brain appears to be working in a less efficient manner. Wozniak et al. [61] also examined the relationship between cognitive performance and both characteristic path length and global efficiency. While the relationship did not survive correction for multiple comparisons, the findings suggested an association with poorer immediate memory capacity measured with the California Verbal Learning Test.
