For assaying apoptosis by Annexin V staining, cells were plated two days prior to FACS in 6-well plates. The day before flow cytometry, MEFs were induced with either 5μg/ml Tm or 1μM Tg. The next day, cells were trypsinized and washed in PBS and resuspended in Annexin V binding buffer with Annexin-V FITC (#K101-100, Biovision.). Flow cytometry was performed on a Becton Dickinson LSRII flow cytometer.