Parental AUD was a lifetime measure based on available parent SSAGA interviews (60.8% of fathers and 89.8% of mothers) as described previously.56,59 For parents who were not interviewed, reports about the parent’s alcohol problems obtained in earlier COGA waves from other relatives or, less commonly, from their offspring during the prospective study assessment were used to code as affected parents with at least 2 positive family history reports based on the Family History Assessment Module.67 Maternal and paternal variables were combined to represent lifetime AUDs in either or both parents.
