S-PrediXcan’s results tend to be more significant as the genetic component of gene expression increases (larger cross-validated prediction performance \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$R^2$$\end{document}R2). Similarly, S-PrediXcan associations tend to be more significant when prediction is more reliable (p-values of association between predicted and observed expression levels are more significant, i.e., when prediction performance p-value is smaller). The trend is seen both when results are averaged across all tissues for a given phenotype or across all phenotypes for a given tissue, as displayed in Supplementary Figs. 1-4. This trend was also robust across different monotonic functions of the Z-scores.
