The main focus of this review was to investigate sources of genetic variation across a range of different phenotypes and prototypic stimulant drugs. Some of the data are specific to acute or chronic administration and therapeutic or non-therapeutic responses. Some genes, such as OPRM1, were associated with both acute subjective amphetamine liking and methamphetamine dependence. Understanding how these polymorphisms influence various phenotypes has important implications for the study of drug abuse and for our understanding of the pathophysiology and treatment of disorders such as ADHD. Interestingly, several genes discussed here are implicated in both ADHD and ADHD treatment response.
