The genetic correlation analyses revealed genetic overlap of cannabis use with a broad range of traits, including positive associations with substance use and mental health phenotypes. Furthermore, positive genetic correlations were found with risk-taking behaviour, openness to experience, and educational attainment, as well as a negative correlation with conscientiousness. The range of correlations suggests that genetic liability to lifetime cannabis use should be viewed in a broader context of personality and mental health traits. Specifically, the substantial genetic correlations with risk-taking behaviour and openness to experience may indicate that liability to start using cannabis is an indication of one’s personality. The positive genetic correlation between lifetime cannabis use and educational attainment was unexpected and in contrast to a previous study that found a negative genetic correlation between cannabis dependence and educational attainment 11. We therefore investigated phenotypic associations of cannabis use with household income and fluid intelligence using UK-Biobank data. Within Caucasian participants of UK-Biobank (N=438,870), categorically rated household income was higher among lifetime cannabis users compared to non-users (χ2[4]=2243, p=2.2e-16). Cannabis users also scored higher on fluid intelligence (t[50,856]=25.13,
