As indicated in Table 4, 43.4% of those in case and 36.5% of those in comparison families were newly assessed in Wave 2. There is considerable alcohol and other substance dependence in case families compared with comparison families, with prevalence estimates ranging from 3.4% to 44% (case), compared with 0.4% to 15.7% (comparison participants). Not unexpectedly, prevalence of other disorders in the externalizing domain, such as conduct disorder and antisocial personality disorder (ASPD), is also elevated among those in case families (17.4% and 12.5%, respectively), compared with comparison families (7.0% and 4.2%). As shown in Table 5, most of the children interviewed in Wave 2 were from case families (2457 vs. 189, 93%), were on average about 12 years old, and in middle school (6th–7th grade). Regardless of family status, most reported modest substance use. Externalizing comorbidity was elevated among the children in case families as compared with comparison families.*
