A test of the reactive aggression-suicidal behavior hypothesis: is there a case for proactive aggression?
paper
Cited
Public
- Authors
- Conner, Kenneth R; Swogger, Marc T; Houston, Rebecca J
- Year
- 2009
- Journal
- Journal of abnormal psychology
- PMID
- 19222330
- DOI
- 10.1037/a0014659
- PMCID
- PMC4861304
A large body of literature suggests that aggressive behavior can be classified into two subtypes--reactive aggression (RA) and proactive aggression (PA)--which differ on dimensions of emotional arousal, control, and impulsivity. A longstanding hypothesis posits that RA underlies the association between aggression and suicidal behavior, with the implicit assumption that PA is unrelated to suicidal behavior. However, no empirical study to date has specifically investigated this question. The authors examined associations of RA and PA with suicide attempts and suicidal ideation among 878 male and female patients in substance-dependence treatment programs. They also examined the moderating effects of sex. Contrary to hypotheses, PA was associated with both suicide attempts and suicidal ideation. RA was also associated with both outcomes in unadjusted analyses but became nonsignificant for suicide attempts in multivariate analyses. Moreover, sex served as a moderator, with PA showing an association with suicide attempt among men but not women. Results indicate the need for additional studies of PA and suicidal behavior.
Predicted likelihood of lifetime history of suicidal attempt(s) versus no history of ideation or attempt for 622 men and 256 women in treatment for alcoholism.Note. The figure illustrates the sex by PA interaction such that, among men, the likelihood of attempt(s) rises with levels of PA.
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|---|---|---|
| Evidence for genes on chromosome 2 contributing to alcohol dependence with conduct disorder and suicide attempts. | 2010 | 20468071 |
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