Theta and delta band activity explain N2 and P3 ERP component activity in a go/no-go task.
paper
Cited
Public
- Authors
- Harper, Jeremy; Malone, Stephen M; Bernat, Edward M
- Year
- 2014
- Journal
- Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology
- PMID
- 23891195
- DOI
- 10.1016/j.clinph.2013.06.025
- PMCID
- PMC4312493
OBJECTIVES: Recent work indicates that the feedback negativity and P3 components from gambling feedback tasks can be understood as mixtures of functionally distinct processes occurring separately in theta and delta frequency bands. The current study was conducted to assess whether dissociable processes occurring in the theta and delta bands would similarly account for activity underlying N2 and P3 components in a go/no-go task. METHODS: The current study measured EEG signals from 66 participants during a go/no-go task, and a time-frequency principal components analysis decomposition approach was used to extract theta and delta measures from condition averages. RESULTS: Theta and delta measures separately increased in relation to response inhibition, and were uniquely related to the N2 and P3 components, as predicted. CONCLUSIONS: Findings support the view that the theta and delta measures indexed separable processes related to response inhibition, and better indexed the processes underlying N2 and P3 components in this go/no-go task. SIGNIFICANCE: Theta and delta measures may index separable functional processes across other common ERP tasks, and may represent an improved target for research relative to standard time-domain components.
Channel layout of the Neuroscan 128-Channel NSL Quik-Cap. Clusters of channels used for statistical analysis are highlighted. Red: Frontal cluster for theta; blue: central cluster for delta; channels within green oval: fronto-central cluster for N2 and P3 ERPs.
Time-domain and time-frequency (TF) decomposition of stimulus-locked ERPs. All ERPs and TF representations are plotted as the average across corresponding channel clusters (see Figure 1). Row A, waveform plot. Averaged unfiltered stimulus-locked ERP across all trials. TF-representation plot. Averaged unfiltered TF representation of the ERP across all trials. Row B, waveform plots. Averaged ERP activity across all trials, frequency-filtered using a 3rd order Butterworth filter to isolate higher-frequency (1.5 Hz highpass) and lower frequency (1.5 Hz lowpass) activity. TF representation plots. TF representations of the high- and low-frequency data principal component scores across all trials, sorted by percentage variance accounted for post-Varimax rotation. Topographic maps. Scalp topography distributions for the mean of the TF-PCA energy for each TF representation. For the high-frequency data the first PC has a frontal distribution, while the second PC has a mixture of bilateral occipital and frontal distributions. The first two PCs for the low-frequency data share a centro-parietal distribution, while the third PC is mainly frontal.
Time-domain and time-frequency (TF) representations of the no-go minus go differences. All signals and TF-representations are plotted as the average across corresponding channel clusters (see Figure 1). Row A, waveform plot. Averaged unfiltered stimulus-locked ERPs for no-go (red) and go (blue) trials separately. Evident on the no-go trials is the negativity peaking around ~300 ms (no-go N2) and the subsequent positivity (no-go P3). Row B, waveform plots. Average ERPs for no-go and go trials separately, frequency filtered with a 3rd order Butterworth filter to capture the activity in the theta and delta TF-energy PCs (3.25-4.75 and 0.5-1.0 Hz, respectively). These plots depict the increase for no-go activity in both theta and delta frequency bands. TF representation plots. No-go minus go difference representations for the PCs loadings of averaged TF activity. Again, both theta and delta are sensitive to no-go stimuli. Colored topographic maps. Scalp topography for the mean no-go minus go difference of the TF-PCA loadings for theta and delta. Increased no-go theta is maximal at frontal sites, while delta has a more centro-parietal increase for no-go stimuli. Grayscale topographic maps. These topographic maps depict the statistical significance of the no-go minus go Wilcoxon Signed-Ranks test for each channel, where theta showed the most significance for frontal channels and the difference in delta was maximal at central-parietal sites.
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