Resting-state network disruption and APOE genotype in Alzheimer's disease: a lagged functional connectivity study.

paper Cited Public

Authors: Canuet, Leonides; Tellado, Ivan; Couceiro, Veronica; Fraile, Carmen; Fernandez-Novoa, Lucia; Ishii, Ryouhei; Takeda, Masatoshi; Cacabelos, Ramon
Year: 2012
Journal: PloS one
PMID: 23050006
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0046289
PMCID: PMC3457973

BACKGROUND: The apolipoprotein E epsilon 4 (APOE-4) is associated with a genetic vulnerability to Alzheimer's disease (AD) and with AD-related abnormalities in cortical rhythms. However, it is unclear whether APOE-4 is linked to a specific pattern of intrinsic functional disintegration of the brain after the development of the disease or during its different stages. This study aimed at identifying spatial patterns and effects of APOE genotype on resting-state oscillations and functional connectivity in patients with AD, using a physiological connectivity index called "lagged phase synchronization". METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Resting EEG was recorded during awake, eyes-closed state in 125 patients with AD and 60 elderly controls. Source current density and functional connectivity were determined using eLORETA. Patients with AD exhibited reduced parieto-occipital alpha oscillations compared with controls, and those carrying the APOE-4 allele had reduced alpha activity in the left inferior parietal and temporo-occipital cortex relative to noncarriers. There was a decreased alpha2 connectivity pattern in AD, involving the left temporal and bilateral parietal cortex. Several brain regions exhibited increased lagged phase synchronization in low frequencies, specifically in the theta band, across and within hemispheres, where temporal lobe connections were particularly compromised. Areas with abnormal theta connectivity correlated with cognitive scores. In patients with early AD, we found an APOE-4-related decrease in interhemispheric alpha connectivity in frontal and parieto-temporal regions. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: In addition to regional cortical dysfunction, as indicated by abnormal alpha oscillations, there are patterns of functional network disruption affecting theta and alpha bands in AD that associate with the level of cognitive disturbance or with the APOE genotype. These functional patterns of nonlinear connectivity may potentially represent neurophysiological or phenotypic markers of AD, and aid in early detection of the disorder.

Figure 1

Averaged eLORETA solutions (current density at cortical voxels) of EEG sources for each frequency band in patients and controls.AD, Alzheimer's disease; HC, healthy controls; L, left; R, right.

Figure 2

eLORETA statistical maps of alpha1 oscillations in patients with Alzheimer's disease vs. controls.Colored areas represent the spatial extent of voxels with significant difference in source current density (p<0.05, corrected). The MRI slices are located at the MNI-space coordinates of the voxel with highest significance. The color scale represents log F-ratio values (threshold: log F = −0.99, p<0.05). L, left; R, right; A, anterior; P, posterior.

Figure 3

eLORETA statistical maps of alpha1 oscillations in patients with Alzheimer's disease carrying the APOE-4 allele vs. noncarriers.Colored areas represent the spatial extent of voxels with significant difference in source current density (p<0.05, corrected). The MRI slices are located at the MNI-space coordinates of the voxel with highest significance. The color scale represents log F-ratio values (threshold: log-F = −1.03, p<0.05). L, left; R, right; A, anterior; P, posterior.

Figure 4

eLORETA wire diagram illustrating cortical areas with significantly decreased (blue wires; threshold: t = −3.49, p<0.05 corrected) and increased (red wires; threshold: t = 4.26, p<0.05 corrected) alpha2 and theta lagged phase synchronization, respectively, in patients with Alzheimer's disease vs. controls.Results are displayed on a transparent fiducial cortical surface. The points to which the lines are connected represent the center of the ROIs.

Figure 5

eLORETA wire diagram (top) and boxplots (bottom) of cortical areas with significantly decreased alpha2 lagged phase synchronization (blue wires) in APOE-4 carriers vs. noncarriers among patients with Alzheimer's disease (threshold: t = −3.98; p<0.05, corrected).The significant connectivity wires are displayed on a transparent fiducial cortical surface. The points to which the lines are connected represent the center of the ROIs. The boxes represent interquartile ranges of lagged phase synchronization between A) frontal areas and B) parieto-temporal areas. The lines across the boxes indicate medians, and the whiskers show the highest and lowest values, excluding outliers.

Figure 6

eLORETA wire diagram of significant correlations between theta lagged phase synchronization values and the Mini-Mental State Examination scores in patients with Alzheimer's disease and controls (threshold: r = −0.27; p<0.05, corrected).The blue color of the wires indicate a negative correlation. Results are displayed on a transparent fiducial cortical surface. The points to which the lines are connected represent the center of the ROIs. The bottom panel shows scatterplots of the strongest correlations. The results displayed correspond to the connectivity between A) left temporal-right prefrontal cortex, and B) left anterior temporal-right central cortex.

#	Section	Preview
0	Introduction	Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by a marked desarborization of synaptic contacts and…
1	Introduction	Given that characterizing brain activity purely in terms of anatomically segregated responses is not…
2	Introduction	The APOE-4, a major genetic risk factor for sporadic AD, has been found to affect gray matter and…
3	Introduction	For a better understanding of AD pathophysiology, functional connectivity is commonly assessed…
4	Introduction	To visualize resting-state synchronization across frequency bands in large-scale functional…
5	Introduction	by different scalp electrodes. This field spread severely limits the utility of connectivity…
6	Introduction	A recently developed measure of nonlinear functional connectivity called “lagged phase…
7	Introduction	lagged connectivity measure has the important property of being relatively robust to the strength of…
8	Introduction	The purpose of this study is to identify abnormal EEG patterns and the effects of APOE-4 on…
9	Methods — Subjects	The study was conducted in 125 patients with probable AD who attended the outpatient clinic at the…
10	Methods — Subjects	a global rating scale that measures cognitive symptoms of the disease. The severity of dementia was…
11	Methods — Subjects	also performed on all participants. Like the patients, controls also underwent physical and…
12	Methods — APOE genotyping	APOE genotype was determined after DNA extraction from peripheral blood samples using the standard…
13	Methods — EEG Recordings and Data Acquisition	Digital 19-channel scalp EEG (Neuroscan Medical Systems, Neurosoft Inc. Sterling, VA, USA) was…
14	Methods — EEG Recordings and Data Acquisition	Artifact rejection was performed manually based on visual inspection by an experimenter blind to the…
15	Methods — EEG-Source Localization Analysis	To compute the intracortical distribution of the electric activity from the surface EEG data, we…
16	Methods — EEG-Source Localization Analysis	The current eLORETA implementation employs a three-shell spherical head model and EEG electrode…
17	Methods — EEG-Source Localization Analysis	Selected artifact-free EEG segments were used for calculating the eLORETA intracranial spectral…
18	Methods — Functional Connectivity Analysis	For functional connectivity analysis, we applied a voxel-wise approach, using the electrode sites to…
19	Methods — Functional Connectivity Analysis	lagged connectivity measure is thought to be accurately corrected as it represents the connectivity…

Name	Type
AD patients	cohort
AD patients heterozygous for APOE ε4 local	cohort
AD patients homozygous for APOE ε4 local	cohort
AD patients noncarriers of APOE ε4 local	cohort
AD patients with APOE ε4 allele local	cohort
AD severity	phenotype
age	phenotype
alcohol	phenotype
alcohol dependence	phenotype
alpha1 activity local	phenotype
alpha1 frequency band activity local	phenotype
alpha2 connectivity local	phenotype
alpha2 lagged phase synchronization local	phenotype
alpha connectivity local	phenotype
alpha interactions local	anatomy
alpha oscillations	phenotype
Alzheimer's disease	phenotype
amnestic mild cognitive impairment	phenotype
amyloid plaques	phenotype
anterior/medial temporal regions local	anatomy
anterior region	anatomy
antidepressants	drug
antipsychotics	drug
apoE	gene
APOE-4 local	variant
APOE-4 allele local	variant
APOE-4 carriers	cohort
APOE-4 carriers with AD local	cohort
APOE-4 homozygous AD group local	cohort
APOE-4 noncarriers local	cohort
APOE epsilon 4 allele local	variant
APOE epsilon 4 carriers local	cohort
APOE noncarriers local	cohort
APOE-ε4	gene
APOE ε4 allele	gene
Awake-resting condition local	phenotype
beta amyloid peptides local	drug
bilateral inferior parietal cortex	anatomy
brain networks	anatomy
central	anatomy
Cholinesterase inhibitors local	drug
cognitive brain regions local	anatomy
cognitive decline	phenotype
cognitive level local	phenotype
cognitively normal APOE-4 carriers local	cohort
cognitively normal carriers local	cohort
controls	cohort
cortex	anatomy
cortical function phenotype local	phenotype
cortical oscillations local	phenotype
cortical rhythms local	phenotype
cortical voxels local	anatomy
Cz	anatomy
decreased temporo-parieto-central functional connections local	phenotype
default mode network	anatomy
default mode network dysfunction local	phenotype
Degenerative dementia local	phenotype
delta frequency band activity local	phenotype
dementia	phenotype
diabetes	phenotype
early AD local	phenotype
early AD patients local	cohort
early AD subgroup local	cohort
Early or mild AD local	phenotype
Early or mild Alzheimer's disease local	phenotype
EEG	phenotype
EEG pattern local	phenotype
elderly controls local	cohort
elderly subjects	cohort
eLORETA	drug
Eyes-closed condition local	phenotype
Eyes-open condition local	phenotype
fMRI	drug
Folic acid	drug
Fp1	anatomy
Fp2	anatomy
frontal cortex	anatomy
fronto-central region	anatomy
fronto-occipital region local	anatomy
Fronto-temporal connections local	anatomy
functional connectivity local	drug
functional connectivity	phenotype
Fz	anatomy
global cognitive level local	phenotype
gray matter	anatomy
gray matter structure local	phenotype
healthy controls	cohort
healthy subjects (APOE genotype unknown) local	cohort
healthy young subjects local	cohort
HIV local	drug
increased connectivity local	phenotype
inferior frontal gyrus	anatomy
inferior parietal lobe	anatomy
International 10–20 system local	drug
intracranial EEG local	drug
intrinsic functional connectivity local	phenotype
intrinsic functional organization of brain networks local	anatomy
lagged phase synchronization local	drug
lateral frontal area local	anatomy
lateral frontal areas local	anatomy
lateral parietal cortex	anatomy
left anterior temporal - right central cortex local	anatomy
left inferior parietal lobule	anatomy
left temporal cortex	anatomy
left temporal - midcentral area local	anatomy
left temporal - right prefrontal cortex local	anatomy
left temporo-occipital region local	anatomy
left temporo-parietal region local	anatomy
limbic regions	anatomy
LORETA	drug
magnetoencephalogram	drug
medial frontal cortex	anatomy
Medial/lateral parietal local	anatomy
medial parietal cortex local	anatomy
memory	phenotype
Mini-Mental State Examination	phenotype
MMSE	phenotype
MMSE scores local	phenotype
MNI152 local	anatomy
moderate AD local	phenotype
Moderate AD local	phenotype
Moderate Alzheimer's disease local	phenotype
moderate/severe AD patients local	cohort
moderate/severe AD subgroup local	cohort
neurofibrillary tangles	phenotype
neuropsychological test performance	phenotype
noncarriers local	cohort
occipital cortex	anatomy
parietal cortex	anatomy
parieto-temporal area local	anatomy
parieto-temporal areas local	anatomy
Parieto-temporal connections local	anatomy
patients	cohort
patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment local	cohort
patients with long-term and severe dementia local	cohort
PET	drug
Photic stimulation local	phenotype
Posterior areas of DMN local	anatomy
posterior cingulate cortex	anatomy
posterior region	anatomy
precuneus	anatomy
prefrontal callosal tracts local	anatomy
prefrontal cortex	anatomy
prefrontal networks local	anatomy
Pz	anatomy
Renal failure local	phenotype
resting-state oscillations local	phenotype
right parieto-temporal region local	anatomy
right temporal - inferior parietal cortex local	anatomy
ROI	anatomy
sedatives	drug
Serum cholesterol local	drug
Severe Alzheimer's disease local	phenotype
sex	phenotype
sLORETA local	drug
slow activity local	phenotype
slow wave global synchronization local	anatomy
structural connectivity	phenotype
structural MRI	drug
subjects	cohort
subjects with subjective memory complaints local	cohort
synchronization likelihood local	phenotype
tau protein	drug
temporal cortex	anatomy
temporal lobe	anatomy
temporal region	anatomy
temporo-occipital cortex local	anatomy
temporo-parieto-central region local	anatomy
theta band	phenotype
theta band connectivity local	phenotype
theta synchronization local	anatomy
Thyroid hormones	drug
total AD cohort local	cohort
Visuospatial deficits	phenotype
vitamin B12	drug
white matter	anatomy
white matter structure local	phenotype

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In this knowledge base

Title	Year	PMID
Predicting Alcohol-Related Memory Problems in Older Adults: A Machine Learning Study with Multi-Domain Features.	2023	37232664
Electroencephalography Source Functional Connectivity Reveals Abnormal High-Frequency Communication Among Large-Scale Functional Networks in Depression.	2018	29397079
Genetic psychophysiology: advances, problems, and future directions.	2014	24739435

External

Title	Authors	Journal	Year	Link
Alpha connectivity in the frontoparietal network is increased in individuals with familial risk for depression: A resting-state EEG study towards a potential endophenotype.	Imperatori C et al.	—	2026	→
A positive association between phosphorylated Tau217 (pTau217) and neural correlations is prevented by human leukocyte antigen allele DRB1*13:01.	James LM et al.	—	2026	→
Decoding alzheimer's: The role of EEG rhythms and aperiodic components in cognitive decline.	Zhang M et al.	—	2026	→
Increased salience network connectivity in college students who engage in binge drinking: A resting state EEG study.	Allegrini G et al.	—	2026	→
Longitudinal brain-wide recordings reveal early neurophysiological alterations in memory-impaired mice.	Eldaly ABM et al.	—	2026	→
PyCaret machine learning library with three preprocessing steps after eLORETA source estimation predicts Alzheimer's disease.	Aoki Y et al.	—	2026	→
Aperiodic EEG signatures: unveiling the interplay between APOE ε4 and mild cognitive impairment subtypes.	Eyamu J et al.	—	2025	→
Applications of Endovascular Brain-Computer Interface in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease.	Sun Y et al.	—	2025	→
Disrupted theta oscillation propagation in healthy elderly individuals with apolipoprotein E epsilon 4 allele.	Sihn D et al.	—	2025	→
Functional and effective EEG connectivity patterns in Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment: a systematic review.	Paitel ER et al.	—	2025	→
Severity of anhedonia is associated with hyper-synchronization of the salience-default mode network in non-clinical individuals: a resting state EEG connectivity study.	Imperatori C et al.	—	2025	→
Standardized low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography does not improve EEG Alzheimer's disease assessment.	Frühwirt W et al.	—	2025	→
The role of <i>Apolipoprotein E4</i> on cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease and Parkinsonisms.	Rosal AE et al.	—	2025	→
Alterations in brain functional connectivity in patients with mild cognitive impairment: A systematic review and meta-analysis of functional near-infrared spectroscopy studies.	Wang S et al.	—	2024	→
Alzheimer's disease phenotype based upon the carrier status of the apolipoprotein E ɛ4 allele.	Ji XY et al.	—	2024	→
Disrupted brain functional connectivity as early signature in cognitively healthy individuals with pathological CSF amyloid/tau.	Al-Ezzi A et al.	—	2024	→
Event-Related Potentials and Event-Related Spectral Perturbation for Classification of Apolipoprotein E ϵ4 Allele Carriers in Alzheimer Disease Patients and Healthy Controls.	Frassao KO et al.	—	2024	→
Functional connectivity across the lifespan: a cross-sectional analysis of changes.	Doval S et al.	—	2024	→
Is parental overcontrol a specific form of child maltreatment? Insights from a resting state EEG connectivity study.	Carbone GA et al.	—	2024	→
Neurophysiological and other features of working memory in older adults at risk for dementia.	Patterson RA et al.	—	2024	→
Sex differences in interacting genetic and functional connectivity biomarkers in Alzheimer's disease.	Williamson JN et al.	—	2024	→
Aberrant temporal correlations of ongoing oscillations in disorders of consciousness on multiple time scales.	Wei X et al.	—	2023	→
A Real-Time Neurophysiologic Stress Test for the Aging Brain: Novel Perioperative and ICU Applications of EEG in Older Surgical Patients.	Berger M et al.	—	2023	→
Band-Specific Altered Cortical Connectivity in Early Parkinson's Disease and its Clinical Correlates.	Conti M et al.	—	2023	→
EEG resting-state networks in Alzheimer's disease associated with clinical symptoms.	Aoki Y et al.	—	2023	→
EEG Source Localization during an Arm Isometric Force Exertion Task at Different Levels of Perceived Exertion.	Ismail L et al.	—	2023	→
Functional changes in brain oscillations in dementia: a review.	Giustiniani A et al.	—	2023	→
Motor-Related Mu/Beta Rhythm in Older Adults: A Comprehensive Review.	Inamoto T et al.	—	2023	→
Neuronal Hyperactivation in EEG Data during Cognitive Tasks Is Related to the Apolipoprotein J/Clusterin Genotype in Nondemented Adults.	Ponomareva NV et al.	—	2023	→
Patients with Alzheimer's disease dementia show partially preserved parietal 'hubs' modeled from resting-state alpha electroencephalographic rhythms.	Lopez S et al.	—	2023	→
Predicting Alcohol-Related Memory Problems in Older Adults: A Machine Learning Study with Multi-Domain Features.	Kamarajan C et al.	—	2023	→
Directional DBS of the Fornix in Alzheimer's Disease Achieves Long-Term Benefits: A Case Report.	Barcia JA et al.	—	2022	→
Disrupted Control Architecture of Brain Network in Disorder of Consciousness.	Zhuang W et al.	—	2022	→
Genetic association of apolipoprotein E genotype with EEG alpha rhythm slowing and functional brain network alterations during normal aging.	Ponomareva NV et al.	—	2022	→
Modeling Brain Functional Connectivity Patterns during an Isometric Arm Force Exertion Task at Different Levels of Perceived Exertion: A Graph Theoretical Approach.	Ismail L et al.	—	2022	→
Normal pressure hydrocephalus: Neurophysiological and neuropsychological aspects: a narrative review.	Micchia K et al.	—	2022	→
Reduced Resting-State Cortical Alpha Connectivity Reflects Distinct Functional Brain Dysconnectivity in Alzheimer's Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment.	Gurja JP et al.	—	2022	→
Resting State Alpha Electroencephalographic Rhythms Are Affected by Sex in Cognitively Unimpaired Seniors and Patients with Alzheimer's Disease and Amnesic Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Retrospective and Exploratory Study.	Babiloni C et al.	—	2022	→
Theta Band-Power Shapes Amyloid-Driven Longitudinal EEG Changes in Elderly Subjective Memory Complainers At-Risk for Alzheimer's Disease.	Spinelli G et al.	—	2022	→
Who's driving? The default mode network in healthy elderly individuals at risk of cognitive decline.	González-López M et al.	—	2022	→
Apolipoprotein E Genotype Moderation of the Association Between Physical Activity and Brain Health. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.	Pearce AM et al.	—	2021	→
Delta resting-state functional connectivity in the cognitive control network as a prognostic factor for maintaining abstinence: An eLORETA preliminary study.	Januszko P et al.	—	2021	→
Measures of resting state EEG rhythms for clinical trials in Alzheimer's disease: Recommendations of an expert panel.	Babiloni C et al.	—	2021	→
Multivariate patterns and long-range temporal correlations of alpha oscillations are associated with flexible manipulation of visual working memory representations.	Golemme M et al.	—	2021	→
Negative Effects of Mobile Phone Addiction Tendency on Spontaneous Brain Microstates: Evidence From Resting-State EEG.	Li H et al.	—	2021	→
Resting State Alpha Electroencephalographic Rhythms Are Differently Related to Aging in Cognitively Unimpaired Seniors and Patients with Alzheimer's Disease and Amnesic Mild Cognitive Impairment.	Babiloni C et al.	—	2021	→
Variability and effect sizes of intracranial current source density estimations during pain: Systematic review, experimental findings, and future perspectives.	Völker JM et al.	—	2021	→
Characterization of network switching in disorder of consciousness at multiple time scales.	Cai L et al.	—	2020	→
Decreased Alpha Reactivity from Eyes-Closed to Eyes-Open in Non-Demented Older Adults with Alzheimer's Disease: A Combined EEG and [18F]florbetaben PET Study.	Chae S et al.	—	2020	→
Early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease: the role of biomarkers including advanced EEG signal analysis. Report from the IFCN-sponsored panel of experts.	Rossini PM et al.	—	2020	→
Electroencephalographic correlates of body shape concerns: an eLORETA functional connectivity study.	Imperatori C et al.	—	2020	→
Functional Network Alterations in Patients With Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment Characterized Using Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy.	Li R et al.	—	2020	→
Genetic Association Between Alzheimer's Disease Risk Variant of the <i>PICALM</i> Gene and EEG Functional Connectivity in Non-demented Adults.	Ponomareva N et al.	—	2020	→
Increased Resting State Triple Network Functional Connectivity in Undergraduate Problematic Cannabis Users: A Preliminary EEG Coherence Study.	Imperatori C et al.	—	2020	→
Increased Temporal Lobe Beta Activity in Boys With Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder by LORETA Analysis.	Chiang CT et al.	—	2020	→
Neural oscillations and brain stimulation in Alzheimer's disease.	Jafari Z et al.	—	2020	→
Neurophysiological Hallmarks of Neurodegenerative Cognitive Decline: The Study of Brain Connectivity as A Biomarker of Early Dementia.	Rossini PM et al.	—	2020	→
Normalized power variance of eLORETA at high-convexity area predicts shunt response in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus.	Aoki Y et al.	—	2020	→
Quantitative electroencephalogram analysis of frontal cortex functional changes in patients with migraine.	Ouyang CS et al.	—	2020	→
Regional Disconnection in Alzheimer Dementia and Amyloid-Positive Mild Cognitive Impairment: Association Between EEG Functional Connectivity and Brain Glucose Metabolism.	Smailovic U et al.	—	2020	→
Relationship between the Presence of the <i>ApoE ε</i>4 Allele and EEG Complexity along the Alzheimer's Disease Continuum.	Gutiérrez-de Pablo V et al.	—	2020	→
Abnormalities of functional cortical source connectivity of resting-state electroencephalographic alpha rhythms are similar in patients with mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer's and Lewy body diseases.	Babiloni C et al.	—	2019	→
Computational modeling of the effects of EEG volume conduction on functional connectivity metrics. Application to Alzheimer's disease continuum.	Ruiz-Gómez SJ et al.	—	2019	→
Cortical Network Topology in Prodromal and Mild Dementia Due to Alzheimer's Disease: Graph Theory Applied to Resting State EEG.	Franciotti R et al.	—	2019	→
Default mode network alterations in individuals with high-trait-anxiety: An EEG functional connectivity study.	Imperatori C et al.	—	2019	→
EEG Resting-State Networks in Dementia with Lewy Bodies Associated with Clinical Symptoms.	Aoki Y et al.	—	2019	→
EEG Resting-State Networks Responsible for Gait Disturbance Features in Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus.	Aoki Y et al.	—	2019	→
Electroconvulsive Therapy Modulates Resting-State EEG Oscillatory Pattern and Phase Synchronization in Nodes of the Default Mode Network in Patients With Depressive Disorder.	Takamiya A et al.	—	2019	→
Electrophysiological evidence of altered facial expressions recognition in Alzheimer's disease: A comprehensive ERP study.	Fide E et al.	—	2019	→
Is resting state frontal alpha connectivity asymmetry a useful index to assess depressive symptoms? A preliminary investigation in a sample of university students.	Imperatori C et al.	—	2019	→
Network substrates of cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's Disease.	Tait L et al.	—	2019	→
Neurophysiological Markers of Alzheimer's Disease: Quantitative EEG Approach.	Smailovic U et al.	—	2019	→
Oscillatory hyperactivity and hyperconnectivity in young <i>APOE</i>-ɛ4 carriers and hypoconnectivity in Alzheimer's disease.	Koelewijn L et al.	—	2019	→
Electroencephalography Source Functional Connectivity Reveals Abnormal High-Frequency Communication Among Large-Scale Functional Networks in Depression.	Whitton AE et al.	—	2018	→
Functional cortical source connectivity of resting state electroencephalographic alpha rhythms shows similar abnormalities in patients with mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases.	Babiloni C et al.	—	2018	→
Reduced integration and improved segregation of functional brain networks in Alzheimer's disease.	Kabbara A et al.	—	2018	→
Sustainable method for Alzheimer dementia prediction in mild cognitive impairment: Electroencephalographic connectivity and graph theory combined with apolipoprotein E.	Vecchio F et al.	—	2018	→
The effects of human leukocyte antigen DRB1*13 and apolipoprotein E on age-related variability of synchronous neural interactions in healthy women.	James LM et al.	—	2018	→
Toward the Language Oscillogenome.	Murphy E et al.	—	2018	→
Weighted Symbolic Dependence Metric (wSDM) for fMRI resting-state connectivity: A multicentric validation for frontotemporal dementia.	Moguilner S et al.	—	2018	→
Alpha/Theta Neurofeedback Increases Mentalization and Default Mode Network Connectivity in a Non-Clinical Sample.	Imperatori C et al.	—	2017	→
Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers of Alzheimer's Disease Correlate With Electroencephalography Parameters Assessed by Exact Low-Resolution Electromagnetic Tomography (eLORETA).	Hata M et al.	—	2017	→
Comparative analysis of the electroencephalogram in patients with Alzheimer's disease, diffuse axonal injury patients and healthy controls using LORETA analysis.	Ianof JN et al.	—	2017	→
Healthy and Pathological Brain Aging: From the Perspective of Oscillations, Functional Connectivity, and Signal Complexity.	Ishii R et al.	—	2017	→
Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation: A New Strategy in Mild Cognitive Impairment?	Birba A et al.	—	2017	→
Precuneus Failures in Subjects of the PSEN1 E280A Family at Risk of Developing Alzheimer's Disease Detected Using Quantitative Electroencephalography.	Ochoa JF et al.	—	2017	→
Reliability of EEG Interactions Differs between Measures and Is Specific for Neurological Diseases.	Höller Y et al.	—	2017	→
Sleep-related modifications of EEG connectivity in the sensory-motor networks in Huntington Disease: An eLORETA study and review of the literature.	Piano C et al.	—	2017	→
The language oscillogenome	Murphy E et al.	—	2017	—
The usefulness of sLORETA in evaluating the effect of high-dose ARA-C on brain connectivity in patients with acute myeloid leukemia: an exploratory study.	Zarabla A et al.	—	2017	→
Default Mode Network alterations in alexithymia: an EEG power spectra and connectivity study.	Imperatori C et al.	—	2016	→
Functional connectivity assessed by resting state EEG correlates with cognitive decline of Alzheimer's disease - An eLORETA study.	Hata M et al.	—	2016	→
Neural oscillations in antipsychotic-naïve patients with a first psychotic episode.	Ramyead A et al.	—	2016	→
Prediction of psychosis using neural oscillations and machine learning in neuroleptic-naïve at-risk patients.	Ramyead A et al.	—	2016	→
Resting state theta band source distribution and functional connectivity in remitted schizophrenia.	Shreekantiah Umesh D et al.	—	2016	→
Aberrant Current Source-Density and Lagged Phase Synchronization of Neural Oscillations as Markers for Emerging Psychosis.	Ramyead A et al.	—	2015	→
Alterations of EEG functional connectivity in resting state obese and overweight patients with binge eating disorder: A preliminary report.	Imperatori C et al.	—	2015	→
Altered resting-state EEG source functional connectivity in schizophrenia: the effect of illness duration.	Di Lorenzo G et al.	—	2015	→
Detection of EEG-resting state independent networks by eLORETA-ICA method.	Aoki Y et al.	—	2015	→
Impaired cortical oscillatory coupling in mild cognitive impairment: anatomical substrate and ApoE4 effects.	Gonzalez-Escamilla G et al.	—	2015	→
Modification of EEG functional connectivity and EEG power spectra in overweight and obese patients with food addiction: An eLORETA study.	Imperatori C et al.	—	2015	→
Network Disruption and Cerebrospinal Fluid Amyloid-Beta and Phospho-Tau Levels in Mild Cognitive Impairment.	Canuet L et al.	—	2015	→
Noninvasive prediction of shunt operation outcome in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus.	Aoki Y et al.	—	2015	→
Psilocybin-induced spiritual experiences and insightfulness are associated with synchronization of neuronal oscillations.	Kometer M et al.	—	2015	→
Aberrant EEG functional connectivity and EEG power spectra in resting state post-traumatic stress disorder: a sLORETA study.	Imperatori C et al.	—	2014	→
Alpha band functional connectivity correlates with the performance of brain-machine interfaces to decode real and imagined movements.	Sugata H et al.	—	2014	→
Conscious auditory perception related to long-range synchrony of gamma oscillations.	Steinmann S et al.	—	2014	→
Early alterations in functional connectivity and white matter structure in a transgenic mouse model of cerebral amyloidosis.	Grandjean J et al.	—	2014	→
EEG hyper-connectivity in high-risk infants is associated with later autism.	Orekhova EV et al.	—	2014	→
Electroencephalogram and Alzheimer's disease: clinical and research approaches.	Tsolaki A et al.	—	2014	→
Genetic psychophysiology: advances, problems, and future directions.	Anokhin AP	—	2014	→
Mapping memory binding onto the connectome's temporal dynamics: toward a combined biomarker for Alzheimer's disease.	Ibanez A et al.	—	2014	→
Pharmacogenomics of Alzheimer's disease: novel therapeutic strategies for drug development.	Cacabelos R et al.	—	2014	→
The effect of an APOE polymorphism on cognitive function depends on age.	Shin MH et al.	—	2014	→
EEG and Neuronal Activity Topography analysis can predict effectiveness of shunt operation in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus patients.	Aoki Y et al.	—	2013	→
EEG connectome: a new candidate for endophenotypes.	Ishii R et al.	—	2013	→
Genetics of the connectome.	Thompson PM et al.	—	2013	→