Neuroimaging in alcohol use disorder: From mouse to man.
paper
Cited
Public
- Authors
- Fritz, Michael; Klawonn, Anna M; Zahr, Natalie M
- Year
- 2022
- Journal
- Journal of neuroscience research
- PMID
- 31006907
- DOI
- 10.1002/jnr.24423
- PMCID
- PMC6810809
This article provides an overview of recent advances in understanding the effects of alcohol use disorders (AUD) on the brain from the perspective of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) research in preclinical models and clinical studies. As a noninvasive investigational tool permitting assessment of morphological, metabolic, and hemodynamic changes over time, MRI offers insight into the dynamic course of alcoholism beginning with initial exposure through periods of binge drinking and escalation, sobriety, and relapse and has been useful in differential diagnosis of neurological diseases associated with AUD. Structural MRI has revealed acute and chronic effects of alcohol on both white and gray matter volumes. MR Spectroscopy, able to quantify brain metabolites in vivo, has shed light on biochemical alterations associated with alcoholism. Diffusion tensor imaging permits microstructural characterization of white matter fiber tracts. Functional MRI has allowed for elucidation of hemodynamic responses at rest and during task engagement. Positron emission tomography, a non-MRI imaging tool, has led to a deeper understanding of alcohol-induced receptor and neurotransmitter changes during various stages of drinking and abstinence. Together, such in vivo imaging tools have expanded our understanding of the dynamic course of alcoholism including evidence for regional specificity of the effects of AUD, hints at mechanisms underlying the shift from casual to compulsive use of alcohol, and profound recovery with sustained abstinence.
(A) Brain scan of an alcoholic man with Wernicke’s encephalopathy showing the typical hypertensities in the mammilary bodies and colliculi (reprint with permission from (Sullivan & Zahr, 2008)). (B) Exemplary MRI pictures highliting morphological changes observed in KE (reprint with permission from (Zahr & Pfefferbaum, 2017)). (C) Representative images from a control subject and a patient with hepatic encephalopathy (reprint with permission from (Zahr & Pfefferbaum, 2017)). (D) MRI scans from healthy controls, uncomplicated alcoholics, and KE patients that also show signs of central pontine myelinolysis (reprint with permission from (Sullivan & Pfefferbaum, 2001)). (E) Thinning of the corpus callosum of older alcoholics indicating Marchiafava-Bignami disease (reprint with permission from (Pfefferbaum et al., 1996)).
(A) Morphological changes in a preclinical rat model of Wernicke’s encephalopathy and (B) Korsakoff syndrome (reprint with permission from (Pfefferbaum, Adalsteinsson, et al., 2007)). (C) MRI scans of a CCL4 treatment based preclinical animal model for hepathic encephalopathy (reprint with permission from (Zahr, Rohlfing, et al., 2016)).
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In this knowledge base
External
| Title | Authors | Journal | Year | Link |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Shared neural network dysfunctions in treatment-resistant major depression and alcohol use disorder: Resting-state fMRI evidence and implications for neuromodulation. | Tien Y et al. | — | 2026 | → |
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| Association between iron accumulation in the dorsal striatum and compulsive drinking in alcohol use disorder. | Tan H et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Characterization of cerebrovascular changes in mice treated with alcohol by photoacoustic imaging. | Sun W et al. | — | 2023 | → |
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| Decreased inter-brain synchronization in the right middle frontal cortex in alcohol use disorder during social interaction: An fNIRS hyperscanning study. | Guo L et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Disrupted white matter structural networks in individuals with alcohol dependence. | Cao HL et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Engineered aptamers for molecular imaging. | Lin B et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| miR-9 utilizes precursor pathways in adaptation to alcohol in mouse striatal neurons. | Mead EA et al. | — | 2023 | → |
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| Plasma tau, NfL, GFAP and UCHL1 as candidate biomarkers of alcohol withdrawal-associated brain damage: A pilot study. | Clergue-Duval V et al. | — | 2022 | → |
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