Low level of response to alcohol as a predictor of future alcoholism.
paper
Cited
Public
Unavailable
- Authors
- Schuckit, M A
- Year
- 1994
- Journal
- The American journal of psychiatry
- PMID
- 8296886
- DOI
- 10.1176/ajp.151.2.184
OBJECTIVE: As part of a search for measurable attributes of an individual that might be related to the risk of alcoholism, the author's group previously compared 227 sons of alcoholics and 227 matched comparison subjects at the age of about 20 years. Forty percent of the men at high risk for alcoholism and less than 10% of the comparison subjects demonstrated a low intensity of response to alcohol challenge. This article reports the results of the follow-up of the first half of this study group almost a decade later. METHOD: Of the men who had been tested at about age 20, 223 were about age 30 at this evaluation, which included personal and resource-person interviews, record searches, urine toxicology screens, and blood level markers of drinking. RESULTS: A low level of response to alcohol at age 20 was associated with a fourfold greater likelihood of future alcoholism in both the sons of alcoholics and the comparison subjects. Fifty-six percent of the sons of alcoholics with the lesser alcohol response developed alcoholism during the subsequent decade, compared to 14% of the men in this group who had highly sensitive alcohol responses. Neither family history of alcoholism nor response to alcohol predicted any other psychiatric diagnoses over the subsequent decade, and neither was a significant predictor of any other substance use disorder. CONCLUSIONS: In a heavy-drinking society, a lower sensitivity to modest doses of alcohol is associated with a significant increase in the risk of future alcoholism, perhaps through increasing the chances that a person will drink more heavily and more often.
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| Use of the expanded panel of BXD mice narrow QTL regions in ethanol-induced locomotor activation and motor incoordination. | DuBose CS et al. | β | 2013 | β |
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| Alcohol-preferring (P) rats are more sensitive than Wistar rats to the reinforcing effects of cocaine self-administered directly into the nucleus accumbens shell. | Katner SN et al. | β | 2011 | β |
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| Experimental medicine in drug addiction: towards behavioral, cognitive and neurobiological biomarkers. | Duka T et al. | β | 2011 | β |
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| Healthy subjects with a family history of alcoholism show increased stimulative subjective effects of alcohol. | SΓΆderpalm Gordh AH et al. | β | 2011 | β |
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| Prevention of alcohol dependence: strategies for selective, indicated, and universal prevention. | Manjunatha N et al. | β | 2011 | β |
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| Response to alcohol in women: role of the menstrual cycle and a family history of alcoholism. | Evans SM et al. | β | 2011 | β |
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| Role of GABRA2 in moderating subjective responses to alcohol. | Roh S et al. | β | 2011 | β |
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| The genetic relationships between ethanol preference, acute ethanol sensitivity, and ethanol tolerance in Drosophila melanogaster. | Devineni AV et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Therapeutics of 5-HT3 receptor antagonists: current uses and future directions. | Machu TK | β | 2011 | β |
| The relationship between duration of initial alcohol exposure and persistence of molecular tolerance is markedly nonlinear. | VelΓ‘zquez-Marrero C et al. | β | 2011 | β |
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| Administration of neurotoxic doses of MDMA reduces sensitivity to ethanol and increases GAT-1 immunoreactivity in mice striatum. | Izco M et al. | β | 2010 | β |
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| Behavioral effects of ethanol in cerebellum are age dependent: potential system and molecular mechanisms. | Van Skike CE et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Cerebellar lingula size and experiential risk factors associated with high levels of alcohol and drug use in young adults. | Anderson CM et al. | β | 2010 | β |
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| Ethanol consumption: how should we measure it? Achieving consilience between human and animal phenotypes. | Leeman RF et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Initial evidence of an association between OPRM1 and adolescent alcohol misuse. | Miranda R et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Naltrexone selectively elevates GABAergic neuroactive steroid levels in heavy drinkers with the Asp40 allele of the OPRM1 gene: a pilot investigation. | Ray LA et al. | β | 2010 | β |
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| Platelet monoamine oxidase activity predicts alcohol sensitivity and voluntary alcohol intake in rhesus monkeys. | Wargelius HL et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Quantification of ethanol methyl (1)H magnetic resonance signal intensity following intravenous ethanol administration in primate brain. | Flory GS et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Reward sensitivity: issues of measurement, and achieving consilience between human and animal phenotypes. | Stephens DN et al. | β | 2010 | β |
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| Expanding the utility of the Biphasic Alcohol Effects Scale (BAES) and initial psychometric support for the Brief-BAES (B-BAES). | Rueger SY et al. | β | 2009 | β |
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| Happyhour, a Ste20 family kinase, implicates EGFR signaling in ethanol-induced behaviors. | Corl AB et al. | β | 2009 | β |
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| Offspring of parents with an alcohol use disorder prefer higher levels of brain alcohol exposure in experiments involving computer-assisted self-infusion of ethanol (CASE). | Zimmermann US et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Studies on Syntaxin 12 and alcohol preference involving C57BL/6J and DBA/2J strains of mice. | Weng J et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Young Investigator Award symposium. | Witkiewitz K et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| BK channel subunit composition modulates molecular tolerance to ethanol. | Feinberg-Zadek PL et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Blunted psychotomimetic and amnestic effects of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol in frequent users of cannabis. | D'Souza DC et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Changed accumbal responsiveness to alcohol in rats pre-treated with nicotine or the cannabinoid receptor agonist WIN 55,212-2. | LΓ³pez-Moreno JA et al. | β | 2008 | β |
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| Overview of mouse assays of ethanol intoxication. | Crabbe JC et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Posttranscriptional regulation of BK channel splice variant stability by miR-9 underlies neuroadaptation to alcohol. | Pietrzykowski AZ et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Relationship between ethanol's acute locomotor effects and ethanol self-administration in male Long-Evans rats. | Chappell AM et al. | β | 2008 | β |
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| The International society for developmental psychobiology 39th annual meeting symposium: Alcohol and development: beyond fetal alcohol syndrome. | Molina JC et al. | β | 2007 | β |
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| GABAA receptor regulation of voluntary ethanol drinking requires PKCepsilon. | Besheer J et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| Genetic and environmental influences on the development of alcoholism: resilience vs. risk. | Enoch MA | β | 2006 | β |
| Hyperpolarization-activated cation current (Ih) is an ethanol target in midbrain dopamine neurons of mice. | Okamoto T et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis modulation of GABAergic neuroactive steroids influences ethanol sensitivity and drinking behavior. | Morrow AL et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| Moderate-to-heavy alcohol intake is associated with differences in synchronization of brain activity during rest and mental rehearsal. | de Bruin EA et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| Non-human primate models of inheritance vulnerability to alcohol use disorders. | Barr CS et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| QTL mapping for low-dose ethanol activation in the LXS recombinant inbred strains. | Downing C et al. | β | 2006 | β |
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| The alcohol-preferring P rat and animal models of excessive alcohol drinking. | Bell RL et al. | β | 2006 | β |
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| The UChA and UChB rat lines: metabolic and genetic differences influencing ethanol intake. | Quintanilla ME et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| The vulnerability to alcohol and substance abuse in individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia. | Krystal JH et al. | β | 2006 | β |
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| Anticraving medications for relapse prevention: a possible new class of psychoactive medications. | O'Brien CP | β | 2005 | β |
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