However, recognizing that the biobank does bear some of the responsibilities for addressing IFs and IRRs in the biobank research system and for performing some of the specific functions involved has the potential to advance consistency, reliable performance of duties, and accountability to individual contributors and research participant populations. We also suggest below strategies that biobanks can undertake cooperatively to build databases on return of IFs and IRRs, pool policies and procedures on return of IFs and IRRs, and promote rapid progress in developing sound approaches.