To test the generalizability of the current GWAS results, polygenic risk scores (PRS) were computed in three external cohorts (Supplementary Information A1.5; Life Sciences Reporting Summary). PRS computed from EU ancestry results were used to predict alcohol dependence in ALSPAC72,73 and COGA AAfGWAS, and CAGE screener scores in Generation Scotland (GS)74. PRS based upon the AA results were used to predict alcohol dependence in COGA AAfGWAS (Supplementary Information A14).