Transancestral GWAS of alcohol dependence reveals common genetic underpinnings with psychiatric disorders.
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- Walters, Raymond K; Polimanti, Renato; Johnson, Emma C; McClintick, Jeanette N; Adams, Mark J; Adkins, Amy E; Aliev, Fazil; Bacanu, Silviu-Alin; Batzler, Anthony; Bertelsen, Sarah; Biernacka, Joanna M; Bigdeli, Tim B; Chen, Li-Shiun; Clarke, Toni-Kim; Chou, Yi-Ling; Degenhardt, Franziska; Docherty, Anna R; Edwards, Alexis C; Fontanillas, Pierre; Foo, Jerome C; Fox, Louis; Frank, Josef; Giegling, Ina; Gordon, Scott; Hack, Laura M; Hartmann, Annette M; Hartz, Sarah M; Heilmann-Heimbach, Stefanie; Herms, Stefan; Hodgkinson, Colin; Hoffmann, Per; Jan Hottenga, Jouke; Kennedy, Martin A; Alanne-Kinnunen, Mervi; Konte, Bettina; Lahti, Jari; Lahti-Pulkkinen, Marius; Lai, Dongbing; Ligthart, Lannie; Loukola, Anu; Maher, Brion S; Mbarek, Hamdi; McIntosh, Andrew M; McQueen, Matthew B; Meyers, Jacquelyn L; Milaneschi, Yuri; Palviainen, Teemu; Pearson, John F; Peterson, Roseann E; Ripatti, Samuli; Ryu, Euijung; Saccone, Nancy L; Salvatore, Jessica E; Sanchez-Roige, Sandra; Schwandt, Melanie; Sherva, Richard; Streit, Fabian; Strohmaier, Jana; Thomas, Nathaniel; Wang, Jen-Chyong; Webb, Bradley T; Wedow, Robbee; Wetherill, Leah; Wills, Amanda G; 23andMe Research Team; Boardman, Jason D; Chen, Danfeng; Choi, Doo-Sup; Copeland, William E; Culverhouse, Robert C; Dahmen, Norbert; Degenhardt, Louisa; Domingue, Benjamin W; Elson, Sarah L; Frye, Mark A; GΓ€bel, Wolfgang; Hayward, Caroline; Ising, Marcus; Keyes, Margaret; Kiefer, Falk; Kramer, John; Kuperman, Samuel; Lucae, Susanne; Lynskey, Michael T; Maier, Wolfgang; Mann, Karl; MΓ€nnistΓΆ, Satu; MΓΌller-Myhsok, Bertram; Murray, Alison D; Nurnberger, John I; Palotie, Aarno; Preuss, Ulrich; RΓ€ikkΓΆnen, Katri; Reynolds, Maureen D; Ridinger, Monika; Scherbaum, Norbert; Schuckit, Marc A; Soyka, Michael; Treutlein, Jens; Witt, Stephanie; Wodarz, Norbert; Zill, Peter; Adkins, Daniel E; Boden, Joseph M; Boomsma, Dorret I; Bierut, Laura J; Brown, Sandra A; Bucholz, Kathleen K; Cichon, Sven; Costello, E Jane; de Wit, Harriet; Diazgranados, Nancy; Dick, Danielle M; Eriksson, Johan G; Farrer, Lindsay A; Foroud, Tatiana M; Gillespie, Nathan A; Goate, Alison M; Goldman, David; Grucza, Richard A; Hancock, Dana B; Harris, Kathleen Mullan; Heath, Andrew C; Hesselbrock, Victor; Hewitt, John K; Hopfer, Christian J; Horwood, John; Iacono, William; Johnson, Eric O; Kaprio, Jaakko A; Karpyak, Victor M; Kendler, Kenneth S; Kranzler, Henry R; Krauter, Kenneth; Lichtenstein, Paul; Lind, Penelope A; McGue, Matt; MacKillop, James; Madden, Pamela A F; Maes, Hermine H; Magnusson, Patrik; Martin, Nicholas G; Medland, Sarah E; Montgomery, Grant W; Nelson, Elliot C; NΓΆthen, Markus M; Palmer, Abraham A; Pedersen, Nancy L; Penninx, Brenda W J H; Porjesz, Bernice; Rice, John P; Rietschel, Marcella; Riley, Brien P; Rose, Richard; Rujescu, Dan; Shen, Pei-Hong; Silberg, Judy; Stallings, Michael C; Tarter, Ralph E; Vanyukov, Michael M; Vrieze, Scott; Wall, Tamara L; Whitfield, John B; Zhao, Hongyu; Neale, Benjamin M; Gelernter, Joel; Edenberg, Howard J; Agrawal, Arpana
- Year
- 2018
- Journal
- Nature neuroscience
- PMID
- 30482948
- DOI
- 10.1038/s41593-018-0275-1
- PMCID
- PMC6430207
Liability to alcohol dependence (AD) is heritable, but little is known about its complex polygenic architecture or its genetic relationship with other disorders. To discover loci associated with AD and characterize the relationship between AD and other psychiatric and behavioral outcomes, we carried out the largest genome-wide association study to date of DSM-IV-diagnosed AD. Genome-wide data on 14,904 individuals with AD and 37,944 controls from 28 case-control and family-based studies were meta-analyzed, stratified by genetic ancestry (European, nβ=β46,568; African, nβ=β6,280). Independent, genome-wide significant effects of different ADH1B variants were identified in European (rs1229984; Pβ=β9.8βΓβ10) and African ancestries (rs2066702; Pβ=β2.2βΓβ10). Significant genetic correlations were observed with 17 phenotypes, including schizophrenia, attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder, depression, and use of cigarettes and cannabis. The genetic underpinnings of AD only partially overlap with those for alcohol consumption, underscoring the genetic distinction between pathological and nonpathological drinking behaviors.
Manhattan plot of discovery trans-ancestral meta-analysis showing strong evidence for rs1229984 in ADH1B.Results from the discovery meta-analysis of all cohorts (Ncase=14,904, Ncontrol=37,944) for association of genome-wide SNPs with AD under a fixed effects meta-analysis weighted by effective sample size. Dashed red reference line indicates genome-wide significance after correction for multiple testing (p < 5E-8).
Regional plots for the ADH1B locus (rs1229984) in the trans-ancestral discovery, African-American (AA), and European (EU), meta-analyses.Results of fixed effects meta-analysis with effective sample size weights for the ADH1B locus in (A) all cohorts (Ncase=14,904, Ncontrol=37,944); (B) AA cohorts (Ncase=3,335, Ncontrol=2,945); and (C) EU cohorts (Ncase=11,569, Ncontrol=34,999). Red reference line indicates the genome-wide significance threshold after correction for multiple testing within each analysis (p < 5E-8). Within ancestry, colored points reflect the degree of LD (pairwise r2) to the index variant (indicated by a purple diamond) in 1000 Genomes Project reference data21 for individuals of (B) African or (C) European ancestry, respectively. LD structures in the two ancestries differ, so for the trans-ancestral sample (A) LD is not given, indicted by gray points. Two-tailed tests used for all analyses.
Genetic correlations between 45 traits and alcohol dependence in Europeans.Genetic correlation results from LD score regression (LDSR) with the meta-analysis of AD in unrelated EU individuals (Ncase=10,206, Ncontrol=28,480). After Bonferroni correction, significant correlations are observed with 17 traits and disorders (p < 1.1E-3; bold), with nominally significant results for 8 additional traits and disorders (p < .05; italics) based on two-tailed tests of the estimated genetic correlation with block jackknife standard errors. Error bars indicate 95% confidence intervals, with arrows indicating intervals extending above 1 or below β1. Vertical gray reference line corresponds to the null hypothesis of no genetic correlation with AD. Phenotypes are organized by research domain.
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