To create models of comparison, OA youth (N=35) between the ages of 16 and 20, 67% Caucasian, and 74% male (Table 1a), and early adolescents (N=50) between the ages of 12 and 14, 83% Caucasian, and 56% male (Table 1b), were sampled from two larger studies on neurocognition (R01 AA13419, and R01 DA021182). The early adolescent group was comprised of FHP (n=24) and FHN (n=26) groups that were statistically equivalent on parental education, annual salary, and pubertal development. All adolescents had minimal exposure to alcohol, cigarettes and marijuana (Tables 1a and 1b).
