Altered gene expression after alcohol treatment was also observed, as indicated by the Affymetrix expression microarray analysis of 4 control and 7 alcohol-treated embryos (4 NTC and 3 NTO; database deposited, GEO Accession# GSE9545). By comparing genes with altered DNA methylation (p < 0.01) and altered expression (p < 0.01), 84 genes showed alterations in both, and these genes were associated with multiple functions, including chromatin remodeling (chromatin accessibility complex 1, Chracl; bromodomain and WD repeat domain containing 1, Brwd1; and TH1-like homolog, TH1l), ubiquitin (UEb3c), homeobox (forkhead box P3, Foxp3; wingless-related MMTV integration site 6, Wnt6), neuronal morphogenesis and synaptic plasticity (WASP family 1, Wasf1), hemopoiesis (glycophorin A, Gypa), and neural developmental-related genes (see below).
