Childhood trauma is associated with developmental trajectories of EEG coherence, alcohol-related outcomes, and PTSD symptoms.
paper
Primary
Public
- Authors
- Neale, Zoe E; Bountress, Kaitlin; Sheerin, Christina; Saenz de Viteri, Stacey; Cusack, Shannon; Chorlian, David; Barr, Peter B; Kaplan, Isabelle; Pandey, Gayathri; Osipenko, Kristina A; McCutcheon, Vivia; Kuo, Sally I-Chun; Cooke, Megan E; Brislin, Sarah J; Salvatore, Jessica E; Kamarajan, Chella; COGA Investigators; Porjesz, Bernice; Amstadter, Ananda B; Meyers, Jacquelyn L
- Year
- 2024
- Journal
- Psychological medicine
- PMID
- 39620481
- DOI
- 10.1017/S0033291724002599
- PMCID
- PMC11650155
BACKGROUND: Associations between childhood trauma, neurodevelopment, alcohol use disorder (AUD), and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are understudied during adolescence. METHODS: Using 1652 participants (51.75% female, baseline = 14.3) from the Collaborative Study of the Genetics of Alcoholism, we employed latent growth curve models to (1) examine associations of childhood physical, sexual, and non-assaultive trauma (CPAT, CSAT, and CNAT) with repeated measures of alpha band EEG coherence (EEGc), and (2) assess whether EEGc trajectories were associated with AUD and PTSD symptoms. Sex-specific models accommodated sex differences in trauma exposure, AUD prevalence, and neural development. RESULTS: In females, CSAT was associated with higher mean levels of EEGc in left frontocentral (LFC, Γ = 0.13, = 0.01) and interhemispheric prefrontal (PFI, Γ = 0.16, < 0.01) regions, but diminished growth in LFC (Γ = -0.07, = 0.02) and PFI (Γ = -0.07, = 0.02). In males, CPAT was associated with lower mean levels (Γ = -0.17, = 0.01) and increased growth (Γ = 0.11, = 0.01) of LFC EEGc. Slope of LFC EEGc was inversely associated with AUD symptoms in females (Γ = -1.81, = 0.01). Intercept of right frontocentral and PFI EEGc were associated with AUD symptoms in males, but in opposite directions. Significant associations between EEGc and PTSD symptoms were also observed in trauma-exposed individuals. CONCLUSIONS: Childhood assaultive trauma is associated with changes in frontal alpha EEGc and subsequent AUD and PTSD symptoms, though patterns differ by sex and trauma type. EEGc findings may inform emerging treatments for PTSD and AUD.
This flowchart illustrates the COGA assessments used in the present study. Gray bars represent data collected in COGA, and black bars and white βXβ represent assessment waves used in the current study. The analytic sample was limited to individuals aged 12β16 at baseline.
This figure displays a schematic of bipolar electrode pairs (indicated by black dotted lines) and coherence pairs (indicated by black solid lines) derived between bipolar electrode pairs.
This figure displays a path diagram of the latent growth curve model used to evaluate the association between childhood trauma and intercept and slope of EEG coherence, as well as associations between EEG coherence intercept and slope with AUD symptoms. In the trauma-exposed subsample, PTSD symptoms were also examined as a dependent variable, with the correlation between AUD and PTSD symptoms accounted for by the model. Growth curves were estimated based on individually varying age at the time of each EEG coherence observation. Parental education was included as a covariate. Note: CNAT, Childhood non-assaultive trauma; CSAT, Childhood sexual assaultive trauma; CPAT, Childhood physical assaultive trauma; EEGc, EEG coherence.
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| Name | Type |
|---|---|
| acetylcholine | drug |
| Adolescent cohort (12-16) local | cohort |
| adolescents | cohort |
| AD polygenic scores local | variant |
| adulthood | cohort |
| African-Americans | cohort |
| Age at baseline | phenotype |
| Age at follow-up 1 local | phenotype |
| Age at follow-up 2 local | phenotype |
| Age at follow-up 3 local | phenotype |
| alcohol | phenotype |
| alcohol dependence | phenotype |
| Alcohol Problems | phenotype |
| alcohol-related outcomes | phenotype |
| Alcohol Use Disorder | phenotype |
| Alpha coherence | phenotype |
| alpha EEGc local | phenotype |
| Alpha EEGc local | phenotype |
| Alpha frequency EEGc local | phenotype |
| alpha oscillations | phenotype |
| alpha power | phenotype |
| Anterior hippocampus | anatomy |
| Any trauma by follow-up local | phenotype |
| Asian | cohort |
| attention | phenotype |
| AUD | phenotype |
| brain development | phenotype |
| centroparietal | anatomy |
| centroparietal interhemispheric alpha connectivity local | phenotype |
| centroparietal interhemispheric theta connectivity local | phenotype |
| cerebral hemispheres | anatomy |
| Childhood neglect trauma local | phenotype |
| childhood non-assaultive traumas local | phenotype |
| Childhood physical abuse trauma local | phenotype |
| childhood physical assault exposure local | phenotype |
| Childhood physical assaultive trauma local | phenotype |
| childhood physical assaultive traumas local | phenotype |
| Childhood sexual abuse trauma local | phenotype |
| childhood sexual assault exposure local | phenotype |
| Childhood sexual assaultive trauma local | phenotype |
| childhood sexual assaultive traumas local | phenotype |
| childhood stress | phenotype |
| childhood trauma | phenotype |
| CNAT local | phenotype |
| COGA Phase 1β3 local | cohort |
| COGA sample | cohort |
| cognition | phenotype |
| cognitive decline | phenotype |
| Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism (COGA) | cohort |
| cSSAGA-A local | cohort |
| depression | phenotype |
| discrimination | phenotype |
| dorsolateral prefrontal cortex | anatomy |
| EEG | phenotype |
| EEGc intercept local | phenotype |
| EEG coherence | phenotype |
| EEGc slope local | phenotype |
| EEGc trajectories local | phenotype |
| EEG phenotypes | phenotype |
| Ever drink local | phenotype |
| families | cohort |
| family history of alcoholism | phenotype |
| family history positive | phenotype |
| Female baseline local | cohort |
| female participants | cohort |
| Fetal alcohol exposure local | phenotype |
| Follow-up 3 local | cohort |
| Frontal alpha EEGc local | phenotype |
| Frontal asymmetry local | phenotype |
| frontal cortex | anatomy |
| frontal functional connectivity local | anatomy |
| fronto-central interhemispheric alpha connectivity local | phenotype |
| fronto-central interhemispheric theta connectivity local | phenotype |
| fronto-central region | anatomy |
| fronto-temporal local | anatomy |
| full sample | cohort |
| functional connectivity | phenotype |
| genetics | phenotype |
| hippocampus | anatomy |
| Hispanic | phenotype |
| hyperarousal | phenotype |
| Left frontal-central EEG coherence local | anatomy |
| Left frontal-central (LFC) EEG coherence local | anatomy |
| Left frontocentral local | anatomy |
| left frontocentral alpha EEGc local | anatomy |
| Left frontocentral alpha EEG coherence local | phenotype |
| Left frontotemporal region local | anatomy |
| LFC local | anatomy |
| LFC alpha EEGc local | anatomy |
| LFC alpha EEGc (FZ-CZ--F3-C3) local | anatomy |
| LFC EEG coherence intercept local | phenotype |
| LFC EEG coherence slope local | phenotype |
| Lifetime maximum drinks local | phenotype |
| low mood | phenotype |
| Male baseline local | cohort |
| male participants | cohort |
| maximum drinks | phenotype |
| memory | phenotype |
| mesolimbic system | anatomy |
| neglect | phenotype |
| neighborhood violence local | phenotype |
| Neural connectivity patterns local | phenotype |
| Neural functional connectivity local | phenotype |
| neurocognitive development local | phenotype |
| neurodevelopmental processes | phenotype |
| Non-response local | phenotype |
| occipital cortex | anatomy |
| Onset age of regular drinking local | phenotype |
| parental education | phenotype |
| parietal-occipital interhemispheric alpha connectivity local | phenotype |
| parietal-occipital interhemispheric theta connectivity local | phenotype |
| PFI local | anatomy |
| PFI alpha EEGc local | anatomy |
| PFI alpha EEGc (F8-F4--F7-F3) local | anatomy |
| PFI EEG coherence intercept local | phenotype |
| PFI EEG coherence slope local | phenotype |
| physical abuse | phenotype |
| Physical-assaultive trauma local | phenotype |
| posttraumatic stress disorder | phenotype |
| Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder | phenotype |
| Post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms | phenotype |
| prefrontal cortex | anatomy |
| Prefrontal interhemispheric alpha EEG coherence local | phenotype |
| Prefrontal interhemispheric EEG coherence local | anatomy |
| Prefrontal interhemispheric (PFI) EEG coherence local | anatomy |
| prefrontal regions | anatomy |
| Prior non-assaultive trauma local | phenotype |
| problematic alcohol use | phenotype |
| psychopathology | phenotype |
| regular alcohol use | phenotype |
| Regular drinker local | phenotype |
| response inhibition | phenotype |
| resting state local | anatomy |
| RFC local | anatomy |
| RFC alpha EEGc local | anatomy |
| RFC alpha EEGc (FZ-CZ--F4-C4) local | anatomy |
| RFC EEG coherence intercept local | phenotype |
| RFC EEG coherence slope local | phenotype |
| Right alpha EEG asymmetry local | phenotype |
| Right frontal-central EEG coherence local | anatomy |
| Right frontal-central (RFC) EEG coherence local | anatomy |
| schizophrenia | phenotype |
| sex | phenotype |
| Sexual-assaultive trauma local | phenotype |
| social withdrawal | phenotype |
| socioeconomic status | phenotype |
| stress | phenotype |
| temporal region | anatomy |
| temporo-parietal local | anatomy |
| temporo-parietal interhemispheric alpha connectivity local | phenotype |
| temporo-parietal interhemispheric theta connectivity local | phenotype |
| theta activity | phenotype |
| trauma | phenotype |
| Trauma-exposed females local | cohort |
| Trauma-exposed males local | cohort |
| trauma exposure | phenotype |
| White | phenotype |
| young adults | cohort |
| younger cohort | cohort |
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| Title | Authors | Journal | Year | Link |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prediction of the relationship between childhood trauma and psychological disturbances among younger adults using machine learning algorithms. | Salman S et al. | β | 2026 | β |
| Childhood Trauma and<i>APOEΞ΅4</i>are Associated with Adolescent Brain Function, Posttraumatic Stress, and Alcohol-related Outcomes | Neale ZE et al. | β | 2025 | β |
| Resting-State EEG Correlates of Childhood Maltreatment and Depression: Potential Neurophysiological Links and Future Research Directions. | Watson CB et al. | β | 2025 | β |