Changes in frontal EEG coherence across infancy predict cognitive abilities at age 3: The mediating role of attentional control.
paper
Cited
Public
- Authors
- Whedon, Margaret; Perry, Nicole B; Calkins, Susan D; Bell, Martha Ann
- Year
- 2016
- Journal
- Developmental psychology
- PMID
- 27441486
- DOI
- 10.1037/dev0000149
- PMCID
- PMC5003730
Theoretical perspectives of cognitive development have maintained that functional integration of the prefrontal cortex across infancy underlies the emergence of attentional control and higher cognitive abilities in early childhood. To investigate these proposed relations, we tested whether functional integration of prefrontal regions across the second half of the first year predicted observed cognitive performance in early childhood 1 year prior indirectly through observed attentional control (N = 300). Results indicated that greater change in left-but not right-frontal EEG coherence between 5 and 10 months was positively associated with attentional control, cognitive flexibility, receptive language, and behavioral inhibitory control. Specifically, a larger increase in coherence between left frontal regions was positively associated with accuracy on a visual search task at Age 2, and visual search accuracy was positively associated with receptive vocabulary, performance on a set-shifting task (DCCS), and delay of gratification at Age 3. Finally, the indirect effects from the change in left frontal EEG coherence to 3-year cognitive flexibility, receptive language, and behavioral inhibitory control were significant, suggesting that internally controlled attention is a mechanism through which early neural maturation influences children's cognitive development. (PsycINFO Database Record
Frontal EEG Coherence composite.Note: 5- and 10-month frontal EEG coherence composites were calculated by averaging the coherence values for (1) frontal polar-medial frontal pairs (Fp1-F3, Fp2-F4), (2) frontal polar-lateral frontal pairs (Fp1-F7, Fp2-F8), and (3) medial frontal-lateral frontal pairs (F3-F7, F4-F8). Composites were calculated separately for right and left hemispheres.
Standardized estimates for the model predicting 2-year attentional control (AC) and 3-year cognitive flexibility, receptive language, and behavioral IC.Note: *p < .05, **p ≤ .01
| Name | Type |
|---|---|
| 10-month infants local | cohort |
| 10-month visit local | cohort |
| 12-month-old infants local | cohort |
| 18-month-old infants local | cohort |
| 2-year-old children | cohort |
| 2-year visit local | cohort |
| 3-year cognitive abilities local | phenotype |
| 3-year laboratory visit local | cohort |
| 3-year-old children local | cohort |
| 3-year olds local | cohort |
| 3-year-olds local | cohort |
| 3-year receptive language local | phenotype |
| 3-year visit local | cohort |
| 5-month lab visit local | cohort |
| 7-month-old infants local | cohort |
| abrasive gel local | drug |
| academic competence | phenotype |
| Academic competency local | phenotype |
| academic performance | phenotype |
| ACC | anatomy |
| adolescents | cohort |
| adults | cohort |
| Ambiguous visual sequence anticipation local | phenotype |
| A-not-B task performance local | phenotype |
| anterior cingulate cortex | anatomy |
| anterior region | anatomy |
| anticipation of ambiguous visual sequences local | phenotype |
| approach motivational systems local | phenotype |
| asymmetry | phenotype |
| attention | phenotype |
| attentional control | phenotype |
| Attentional control at age 2 local | phenotype |
| attention bias towards motivational stimuli local | phenotype |
| Attention Bias Towards Motivational Stimuli local | phenotype |
| attention networks local | phenotype |
| Attention networks local | anatomy |
| Attention processes local | phenotype |
| Atypical developmental status local | phenotype |
| Avoidance | phenotype |
| basal ganglia | anatomy |
| Baseline EEG local | phenotype |
| behavioral IC local | phenotype |
| Behavioral IC local | phenotype |
| behavioral inhibitory control local | phenotype |
| Behavioral inhibitory control local | phenotype |
| Behavioral Inhibitory Control local | phenotype |
| Behavioral inhibitory control at age 3 local | phenotype |
| Blacksburg site local | cohort |
| brain activity | phenotype |
| central | anatomy |
| cerebral hemispheres | anatomy |
| Changes in frontal EEG coherence local | anatomy |
| childhood | cohort |
| children | cohort |
| Children (2-year cohort) local | cohort |
| Children aged 1-2 years local | cohort |
| Children aged 2-3 years local | cohort |
| children by end of second year local | cohort |
| cognition | phenotype |
| cognitive control | phenotype |
| cognitive development | phenotype |
| cognitive flexibility | phenotype |
| Cognitive outcomes | phenotype |
| Comprehension of 3-word sentences local | phenotype |
| conductive gel local | drug |
| conflict monitoring | phenotype |
| conflict resolution | phenotype |
| controlled attention processes local | phenotype |
| Current longitudinal study local | cohort |
| Cz | anatomy |
| DCCS performance local | phenotype |
| Delay gratification (age 3) local | phenotype |
| delay of gratification | phenotype |
| difficulty adjusting to school local | phenotype |
| Dimensional Change Card Sort local | phenotype |
| Dimensional Change Card Sort Task local | phenotype |
| early school success local | phenotype |
| Early School Success local | phenotype |
| early word learning local | phenotype |
| EEG | phenotype |
| EEG coherence | phenotype |
| emotional competence local | phenotype |
| emotional development local | phenotype |
| Endogenous attention local | phenotype |
| Endogenous orienting local | phenotype |
| error detection local | phenotype |
| Error detection local | phenotype |
| Excluded participants local | cohort |
| executive attention network local | anatomy |
| Executive attention network local | anatomy |
| executive function | phenotype |
| Executive function performance local | phenotype |
| Exogenous attention local | phenotype |
| expressive vocabulary local | phenotype |
| First year infants local | cohort |
| Flexible cognition (age 3) local | phenotype |
| Fp1 | anatomy |
| Fp2 | anatomy |
| frontal cortex | anatomy |
| frontal EEG coherence local | phenotype |
| Frontal EEG coherence local | anatomy |
| Frontal EEG coherence local | phenotype |
| frontal pole | anatomy |
| full sample | cohort |
| Goal-directed attention local | phenotype |
| Goal-directed attention (age 2) local | phenotype |
| goal-directed behavior | phenotype |
| goal-directed orienting local | phenotype |
| Greensboro site local | cohort |
| higher cognition local | phenotype |
| Higher cognition local | phenotype |
| higher cognitive abilities local | phenotype |
| Higher cognitive skills local | phenotype |
| higher-level cognitive abilities local | phenotype |
| Infant locomotion status local | phenotype |
| infants | cohort |
| infants (6-9 months) local | cohort |
| infants younger than 18 months local | cohort |
| insula | anatomy |
| Internally directed attention local | phenotype |
| joint attention local | phenotype |
| language | phenotype |
| language ability | phenotype |
| language processes local | phenotype |
| lateral parietal cortex | anatomy |
| lateral prefrontal cortex | anatomy |
| lateral prefrontal region local | anatomy |
| later social and emotional adjustment local | phenotype |
| left frontal brain region local | anatomy |
| left frontal EEG coherence local | anatomy |
| left frontal EEG coherence local | phenotype |
| Left frontal EEG coherence local | anatomy |
| Left frontal EEG coherence local | phenotype |
| left frontal region | anatomy |
| Longitudinal infant cohort local | cohort |
| low birth weight | phenotype |
| lycra local | drug |
| Marker Delay performance local | phenotype |
| Marker Delay Task local | phenotype |
| medial frontal cortex | anatomy |
| medial prefrontal cortex | anatomy |
| medial prefrontal region local | anatomy |
| memory | phenotype |
| middle of the third year local | cohort |
| minority status local | phenotype |
| Minority status local | phenotype |
| Modified delayed gratification task (Marker Delay) local | phenotype |
| motivation | phenotype |
| Neuronal population local | anatomy |
| neuronal populations local | anatomy |
| Numeracy expectation local | phenotype |
| Observed attentional control at age 2 local | phenotype |
| occipital cortex | anatomy |
| Parent education level local | phenotype |
| participants | cohort |
| Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test local | phenotype |
| Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test-III local | phenotype |
| performance on DCCS task local | phenotype |
| perseveration | phenotype |
| PFC | anatomy |
| Posner’s executive attention network local | anatomy |
| PPVT local | phenotype |
| PPVT performance local | phenotype |
| precuneus | anatomy |
| prefrontal cortex | anatomy |
| preschool local | cohort |
| Preschool aged children local | cohort |
| Preschool-aged children local | cohort |
| preterm birth | phenotype |
| receptive language local | phenotype |
| Receptive language local | phenotype |
| receptive language ability local | phenotype |
| Receptive language at age 3 local | phenotype |
| receptive vocabulary local | phenotype |
| Receptive vocabulary local | phenotype |
| Receptive Vocabulary local | phenotype |
| Reduced sample local | cohort |
| Resting Frontal EEG Alpha Power Asymmetry local | phenotype |
| resting frontal EEG coherence local | phenotype |
| Resting frontal EEG coherence local | anatomy |
| Resting frontal EEG coherence at 10 months local | phenotype |
| right frontal EEG coherence local | anatomy |
| right frontal EEG coherence local | phenotype |
| Right frontal EEG coherence local | anatomy |
| Right frontal EEG coherence local | phenotype |
| scalp | anatomy |
| School adjustment local | phenotype |
| school-aged children local | cohort |
| Second year of life infants local | cohort |
| selective attention | phenotype |
| sex | phenotype |
| social competence | phenotype |
| Social competency local | phenotype |
| Socioemotional functioning local | phenotype |
| spatial orienting local | phenotype |
| Successful EF performance local | phenotype |
| Supervisory attention system local | phenotype |
| sustained attention | phenotype |
| temperament | phenotype |
| temporal | anatomy |
| third year local | cohort |
| toddlers | cohort |
| Typically developing children local | cohort |
| Unsuccessful EF performance local | phenotype |
| visual attention | phenotype |
| visual search accuracy local | phenotype |
| Visual search accuracy local | phenotype |
| Visual search task local | phenotype |
| Visual Search Task local | phenotype |
| visual search task performance local | phenotype |
| Volitional attention local | phenotype |
| Word comprehension (age 3) local | phenotype |
| working memory | phenotype |
| Young children local | phenotype |
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