The Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism: Overview.
paper
Primary
Public
- Authors
- Agrawal, Arpana; Brislin, Sarah J; Bucholz, Kathleen K; Dick, Danielle; Hart, Ronald P; Johnson, Emma C; Meyers, Jacquelyn; Salvatore, Jessica; Slesinger, Paul; COGA Collaborators; Almasy, Laura; Foroud, Tatiana; Goate, Alison; Hesselbrock, Victor; Kramer, John; Kuperman, Samuel; Merikangas, Alison K; Nurnberger, John I; Tischfield, Jay; Edenberg, Howard J; Porjesz, Bernice
- Year
- 2023
- Journal
- Genes, brain, and behavior
- PMID
- 37736010
- DOI
- 10.1111/gbb.12864
- PMCID
- PMC10550790
Alcohol use disorders (AUD) are commonly occurring, heritable and polygenic disorders with etiological origins in the brain and the environment. To outline the causes and consequences of alcohol-related milestones, including AUD, and their related psychiatric comorbidities, the Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism (COGA) was launched in 1989 with a gene-brain-behavior framework. COGA is a family based, diverse (~25% self-identified African American, ~52% female) sample, including data on 17,878 individuals, ages 7-97 years, in 2246 families of which a proportion are densely affected for AUD. All participants responded to questionnaires (e.g., personality) and the Semi-Structured Assessment for the Genetics of Alcoholism (SSAGA) which gathers information on psychiatric diagnoses, conditions and related behaviors (e.g., parental monitoring). In addition, 9871 individuals have brain function data from electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings while 12,009 individuals have been genotyped on genome-wide association study (GWAS) arrays. A series of functional genomics studies examine the specific cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying AUD. This overview provides the framework for the development of COGA as a scientific resource in the past three decades, with individual reviews providing in-depth descriptions of data on and discoveries from behavioral and clinical, brain function, genetic and functional genomics data. The value of COGA also resides in its data sharing policies, its efforts to communicate scientific findings to the broader community via a project website and its potential to nurture early career investigators and to generate independent research that has broadened the impact of gene-brain-behavior research into AUD.
Distribution of family sizes (mean 8.1, range 1–87) in COGA families (2246 families; N = 17,878; age range 7–97).
Distribution of density of individuals with alcohol use disorders (AUD) as a percentage of family members in families ascertained for AUD, stratified by broad categories of family size. The original COGA probands were ascertained from treatment facilities, based upon DSM‐IIIR and Feighner alcohol dependence criteria; with consent, additional family members were interviewed. Diagnostic definitions have changed over the decades; thus the data plotted reflect whether an interviewed family member met criteria for DSM‐IIIR or DSM‐IV alcohol abuse or dependence or DSM‐5 AUD (without requirement of clustering of criteria within a 12 months period). The X‐axis provides broad percentage groups of interviewed family members with AUD (e.g., 10%–20% with AUD) while the individual bars on the Y‐axis represent the percentage of families with a given density of interviewed members with AUD. For instance, 29.3% of families with 2–4 individuals interviewed per family (i.e., family size of 2–4) have 41%–50% of their interviewed family members diagnosed with AUD, while nearly 32% of these families (n = 454) have 91%–100% diagnosed with AUD. Note that families with 1 individual are not shown.
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| Name | Type |
|---|---|
| addiction | phenotype |
| African American | cohort |
| alcohol | phenotype |
| alcohol dependence | phenotype |
| alcoholism | phenotype |
| alcohol sensitivity | phenotype |
| Alcohol Use | phenotype |
| Alcohol Use Disorder | phenotype |
| assortative mating | phenotype |
| AUD | phenotype |
| AUD risk local | phenotype |
| behavioral liability local | phenotype |
| brain function phenotypes local | phenotype |
| Brain function phenotypes local | phenotype |
| Brain intermediary phenotypes of consequences of alcohol use local | phenotype |
| Brain intermediary phenotypes of risk for alcohol use local | phenotype |
| Brain maturation trajectories local | phenotype |
| brain-related liability local | phenotype |
| Cardiometabolic disease local | phenotype |
| COGA investigators local | cohort |
| COGA offspring local | cohort |
| COGA website local | drug |
| cognitive measures | phenotype |
| Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism (COGA) | cohort |
| conduct disorder | phenotype |
| criterion-count based severity local | phenotype |
| Cultural transmission local | phenotype |
| dbGaP | cohort |
| disorder-generalized mutations local | variant |
| drinking | phenotype |
| drug dependence | phenotype |
| early alcohol use | phenotype |
| ethanol consumption | phenotype |
| ethanol exposure local | drug |
| externalizing disorders | phenotype |
| Falls and accidents local | phenotype |
| frontal cortex | anatomy |
| frontal theta ERO endophenotypes local | phenotype |
| GABA neuron local | anatomy |
| Genetic Analysis Workshops local | cohort |
| genetic/epigenetic liability local | phenotype |
| Glutamate neuron local | anatomy |
| GWAS candidates local | variant |
| heavy drinking | phenotype |
| Howard University local | cohort |
| Human Connectome Projects local | cohort |
| Indiana University School of Medicine | cohort |
| internalizing disorders | phenotype |
| Later drinking milestones local | phenotype |
| Liver health local | phenotype |
| major depressive disorder | phenotype |
| maximum drinks | phenotype |
| Motor vehicle accidents | phenotype |
| National Consortium on Alcohol and Neurodevelopment in Adolescence—Adulthood local | cohort |
| negative urgency | phenotype |
| neural synchrony | phenotype |
| Neural synchrony measures local | phenotype |
| Neurocognitive problems local | phenotype |
| neurodegenerative diseases | phenotype |
| Neurophysiological measures local | phenotype |
| NIAAA | cohort |
| NIAAA/COGA Sharing Repository | cohort |
| novelty seeking | phenotype |
| P300 brain activity local | phenotype |
| P300 ERPs local | phenotype |
| posttraumatic stress disorder | phenotype |
| private mutations local | variant |
| problematic alcohol use | phenotype |
| Psychiatric Genomics Consortium | cohort |
| rare variant | cohort |
| recovery | phenotype |
| relapse | phenotype |
| remission | phenotype |
| resilience | phenotype |
| Shortened life expectancy local | phenotype |
| striatal brain regions local | anatomy |
| structural variant | cohort |
| subjective ratings of ethanol local | phenotype |
| substance use | phenotype |
| SUD | phenotype |
| suicide | phenotype |
| SUNY Downstate local | cohort |
| theta EROs | phenotype |
| Typical drinking local | phenotype |
| University of California San Diego local | cohort |
| University of Connecticut Health Center | cohort |
| University of Iowa | cohort |
| Washington University | cohort |
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In this knowledge base
| Title | Year | PMID |
|---|---|---|
| Alcohol use disorder is associated with altered frontomedial phase-amplitude coupling strength during resting state. | 2026 | 41657495 |
External
| Title | Authors | Journal | Year | Link |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alcohol use disorder is associated with altered frontomedial phase-amplitude coupling strength during resting state. | Richard CD et al. | — | 2026 | → |
| Alcohol use disorder and body mass index show genetic pleiotropy and shared neural associations. | Malone SG et al. | — | 2025 | → |
| Alcohol use disorders. | Rehm J et al. | — | 2025 | → |
| Clinical, Genomic, and Neurophysiological Correlates of Lifetime Suicide Attempts among Individuals with an Alcohol Use Disorder. | Barr PB et al. | — | 2025 | → |
| [Long-term courses of alcohol dependence]. | John U et al. | — | 2025 | → |
| The effects of marital status, partner drinking, and sex differences on the likelihood of remission from alcohol use disorder. | Garasky C et al. | — | 2025 | → |
| Whole Genome Sequencing of Pedigrees With High Density of Substance Use and Psychiatric Disorders: A Meeting Report. | Hill SY et al. | — | 2025 | → |
| Another Swim in the Extensive Pool of Zebrafish Research. | Marrs JA et al. | — | 2024 | → |
| Childhood trauma is associated with developmental trajectories of EEG coherence, alcohol-related outcomes, and PTSD symptoms. | Neale ZE et al. | — | 2024 | → |
| Neurocognitive Latent Factors Associate With Early Tobacco and Alcohol Use Among Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study Youth. | Jones SK et al. | — | 2024 | → |
| Polygenic risk for alcohol use disorder affects cellular responses to ethanol exposure in a human microglial cell model. | Li X et al. | — | 2024 | → |
| Clinical, genomic, and neurophysiological correlates of lifetime suicide attempts among individuals with an alcohol use disorder | Barr PB et al. | — | 2023 | — |
| Collaborative study on the genetics of alcoholism: The strength of collaboration, team science, and longitudinal data. | Ehringer MA | — | 2023 | → |
| Diagnostic Criteria for Identifying Individuals at High Risk of Progression From Mild or Moderate to Severe Alcohol Use Disorder. | Miller AP et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| The Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism: Overview. | Agrawal A et al. | — | 2023 | → |