RACIAL DISPARITIES IN HEALTH: How Much Does Stress Really Matter?
paper
Cited
Public
- Authors
- Sternthal, Michelle J; Slopen, Natalie; Williams, David R
- Year
- 2011
- Journal
- Du Bois review : social science research on race
- PMID
- 29887911
- DOI
- 10.1017/S1742058X11000087
- PMCID
- PMC5993442
Despite the widespread assumption that racial differences in stress exist and that stress is a key mediator linking racial status to poor health, relatively few studies have explicitly examined this premise. We examine the distribution of stress across racial groups and the role of stress vulnerability and exposure in explaining racial differences in health in a community sample of Black, Hispanic, and White adults, employing a modeling strategy that accounts for the correlation between types of stressors and the accumulation of stressors in the prediction of health outcomes. We find significant racial differences in overall and cumulative exposure to eight stress domains. Blacks exhibit a higher prevalence and greater clustering of high stress scores than Whites. American-born Hispanics show prevalence rates and patterns of accumulation of stressors comparable to Blacks, while foreign-born Hispanics have stress profiles similar to Whites. Multiple stressors correlate with poor physical and mental health, with financial and relationship stressors exhibiting the largest and most consistent effects. Though we find no support for the stress-vulnerability hypothesis, the stress-exposure hypothesis does account for some racial health disparities. We discuss implications for future research and policy.
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| Perceived Neighborhood Racial Composition and Depressive Symptoms Among Black Americans Across Adulthood: Evaluating the Role of Psychosocial Risks and Resources. | Thomas Tobin CS et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Prevalence and correlates of major depressive disorder among a national sample of middle-aged and older adults in India. | Pengpid S et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Prevalence and determinants of depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms among Black individuals in Canada in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. | Cénat JM et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Prevalence and Psychosocial Correlates of Diabetes Mellitus in South Africa: Results from the South African National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (SANHANES-1). | Sifunda S et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Psychological mediators of the associations between pandemic-related stressors and suicidal ideation across three periods of the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada. | Turner BJ et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Race and Ethnicity, Racism, and Population Health in the United States: The Straightforward, the Complex, Innovations, and the Future. | Hummer RA | — | 2023 | → |
| Racial Discrimination Experiences and Friendship Network Dynamics Among Black and Latinx Youth. | Kornienko O et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Racial Disparities in Avoidant Coping and Hypertension Among Midlife Adults. | Batayeh B et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Racial/Ethnic and Nativity Inequalities in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: The Role of Psychosocial Stressors. | Erbetta K et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Racialized Health Inequities: Quantifying Socioeconomic and Stress Pathways Using Moderated Mediation. | Brown TH et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Racism as a Source of Pain. | Schubiner H et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Revisiting the Black-White Mental Health Paradox During the Coronavirus Pandemic. | LaMotte ME et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Social Isolation: An Unequally Distributed Health Hazard. | Umberson D et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Societal Adaptation to Aging and Prevalence of Depression Among Older Adults: Evidence From 20 Countries. | Richardson RA et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Sociocultural factors associated with persistent prescription opioid use (PPOU) among Puerto Rican adults in Massachusetts. | Essien-Aleksi IE et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Study protocol for the Mindful Moms Study: A randomized controlled trial evaluating a mindful movement intervention for marginalized pregnant people experiencing depression. | Kinser PA et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Survival of epithelial ovarian cancer in Black women: a society to cell approach in the African American cancer epidemiology study (AACES). | Schildkraut JM et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| The associations of everyday and major discrimination exposure with violence and poor mental health outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic. | Raj A et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| The effects of contemporary redlining on the mental health of Black residents. | Pearson AL et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| The Effects of Suicide Exposure on Mental Health Outcomes Among Post-9/11 Veterans: Protocol for an Explanatory, Sequential, Mixed Methods Study. | Sayer NA et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| The heart of Detroit study: a window into urban middle-aged and older African Americans' daily lives to understand psychosocial determinants of cardiovascular disease risk. | Davis KM et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| The Relationship Between Intersectional Oppression and Affirmation and Latino Sexual Minority Men's Mental Health. | Mayo D et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| The role of discrimination and adverse childhood experiences in disordered eating. | Nelson JD et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Vaccine mistrust among Black individuals in Canada: The major role of health literacy, conspiracy theories, and racial discrimination in the healthcare system. | Cénat JM et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Visa type and financial strain on depressive symptoms among Filipino migrants to the United States. | Tsuchiya K et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Workplace Discrimination and Burnout Among Asian Nurses in the US. | Jun J et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| A life course approach to understanding stress exposures and cognitive function among middle-aged and older adults. | Chen R et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Allostatic Load, Income, and Race Among Black and White Men in the United States. | Tavares CD et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| An Integrated mHealth App for Smoking Cessation in Black Smokers With Anxiety: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial. | Businelle MS et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Approaching Mental Health Equity in Neuroscience for Black Women Across the Lifespan: Biological Embedding of Racism From Black Feminist Conceptual Frameworks. | Carter S et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| A Smartphone-Based Intervention for Anxiety and Depression in Racially and Ethnically Diverse Adults (EASE): Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial. | Garey L et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Association of COVID-19 and Endemic Systemic Racism With Postpartum Anxiety and Depression Among Black Birthing Individuals. | Njoroge WFM et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| A systematic review and meta-analysis of the Everyday Discrimination Scale and biomarker outcomes. | Lawrence JA et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Black Canadians' Exposure to Everyday Racism: Implications for Health System Access and Health Promotion among Urban Black Communities. | Husbands W et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Comparing multidimensional facets of stress with social, emotional, and physical well-being using ecological momentary assessment among a Hispanic sample. | Zawadzki MJ et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Compassion, Discrimination, and Prosocial Behaviors: Young Diasporic Chinese During the COVID-19 Pandemic. | Chen Y et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Developing the Florida Academic Cancer Center Alliance Health Disparities Common Measure: The Florida Health and Ancestry Survey. | Dyal BW et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Disparities across Sexual Orientation in Obstructive Airway Disease among U.S. Adults. | Nagata JM et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Disrupting Monolithic Thinking about Black Women and Their Mental Health: Does Stress Exposure Explain Intersectional Ethnic, Nativity, and Socioeconomic Differences? | Erving CL et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Does the Chronic Stress of Everyday Discrimination or Race Itself Better Predict AD Onset Risk? | Gary KM et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Effects of Chronic Burden Across Multiple Domains and Experiences of Daily Stressors on Negative Affect. | Lockwood KG et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Epigenetic Determinants of Racial Disparity in Breast Cancer: Looking beyond Genetic Alterations. | Joshi S et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Establishing a Framework for Gathering Structural and Social Determinants of Health in Alzheimer's Disease Research Centers. | Stites SD et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Everyday Discrimination and Depressive Symptoms among Gujarati Adults: Gender Difference in the Role of Social Support. | Yoshihama M et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Everyday discrimination as a predictor of maladaptive and adaptive eating: Findings from EAT 2018. | Yoon CY et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Experiences of Discrimination, Institutional Responses to Seminal Race Events, and Depressive Symptoms in Black U.S. Medical Students. | Milam AJ et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Factors Associated with Depression and Anxiety Symptoms among Migrant Population in Spain during the COVID-19 Pandemic. | Bayes-Marin I et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Factors Associated With Safe Prescription Opioid Disposal After Surgery in Adolescents. | Odegard MN et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Familial Financial Assistance and Body Mass Index in Black College Graduates. | Bell CN et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Family Stressors and Resources as Social Determinants of Health among Caregivers and Young Children. | Slopen N et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Few Do and To Few: Disclosure of Suicidal Thoughts in Friendship Networks of Young Adults Experiencing Homelessness. | Fulginiti A et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Hepatitis B Virus-Associated Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Chronic Stress. | Noverati N et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Hypertension and Diabetes Status by Patterns of Stress in Older Adults From the US Health and Retirement Study: A Latent Class Analysis. | Fernandez JR et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Including diverse and admixed populations in genetic epidemiology research. | Caliebe A et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Inequality in Household Job Insecurity and Mental Health: Changes During the COVID-19 Pandemic. | Donnelly R et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Inflammation and depression symptoms are most strongly associated for Black adults. | Toussaint LL et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Life Course Stressors and Functional Limitations in Later Life Among White, Black, and Hispanic Adults: Deleterious, Hardening, or Benign? | Sauerteig MR et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Lifetime discrimination in low to middle income mothers and cellular aging: A prospective analysis. | Carroll JE et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Mask Wearing and Perceived Discrimination Associated With COVID-19 in the United States From March 2020 to May 2021: Three-Level Longitudinal Analyses. | Kwon PhD S | — | 2022 | → |
| Measuring Structural Racism: A Guide for Epidemiologists and Other Health Researchers. | Adkins-Jackson PB et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Mechanisms of Cardiometabolic Health Outcomes and Disparities: What Characteristics of Chronic Stressors are Linked to HPA-Axis Dysregulation? | Allen JO et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Mediating and moderating effects of perceived social support on the relationship between discrimination and well-being: A study of South Koreans living in Japan. | Park J et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Mobile contingency management for smoking cessation among socioeconomically disadvantaged adults: Protocol for a randomized trial. | Kendzor DE et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Modifiable Resources and Resilience in Racially and Ethnically Diverse Older Women: Implications for Health Outcomes and Interventions. | Springfield S et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Multiple Family Member Deaths and Cardiometabolic Health among Black and White Older Adults. | Donnelly R et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Perceived Discrimination and Injury at Work: A Cross-Sectional Study Among Latino Day Laborers. | Ibekwe LN et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Prevalence and correlates of anxiety symptoms among Black people in Canada: A significant role for everyday racial discrimination and racial microaggressions. | Kogan CS et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Prevalence and Effects of Daily and Major Experiences of Racial Discrimination and Microaggressions among Black Individuals in Canada. | Cénat JM et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Protocol from a randomized clinical trial of multiple pharmacotherapy adaptations based on treatment response in African Americans who smoke. | Nollen NL et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Psychosocial factors associated with genetic testing status among African American women with ovarian cancer: Results from the African American Cancer Epidemiology Study. | McBride CM et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Psychotic experiences among Black college students in the United States: The role of socioeconomic factors and discrimination. | Oh H et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Race/ethnicity, immigrant generation, and physiological dysregulation among U.S. adults entering midlife. | Touma F et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Racial differences in psychological stress and insulin sensitivity in non-Hispanic Black and White adolescents with overweight/obesity. | Ajibewa TA et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Racial differences in the association of accelerated aging with future cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality: the coronary artery risk development in young adults study, 2007-2018. | Forrester SN et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Racial Disparities in Cognitive Function Among Middle-Aged and Older Adults: The Roles of Cumulative Stress Exposures Across the Life Course. | Chen R et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Racial disparities in psychological distress in post-apartheid South Africa: results from the SANHANES-1 survey. | Harriman NW et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Racial, ethnic and nativity inequalities in gestational diabetes mellitus: The role of racial discrimination. | Erbetta K et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Racism, Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms, and Racial Disparity in the U.S. COVID-19 Syndemic. | Zhou X et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Reward sensitivity, eating behavior, and obesity-related outcomes: A systematic review. | Sutton CA et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Sleep, Emotions, and Sense of Belonging: A Daily Experience Study. | Harris PE et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Social Support and Loneliness Among Black and Hispanic Senior Women Experiencing Food Insecurity: The Nurse as Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary Intervention. | Kirkland TW et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Stress Exposure and Physical Health among Older African American and Caribbean Black Women. | Erving CL | — | 2022 | → |
| Stressor anticipation and subsequent affective well-being: A link potentially explained by perseverative cognitions. | Kramer AC et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Systematic review and meta-analysis of predictors of adjustment disorders in adults. | Kelber MS et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| The accelerated aging phenotype: The role of race and social determinants of health on aging. | Noren Hooten N et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| The Associations between Contextual and Cultural Stressors, Internalizing Symptoms, and Social Support. | Chancy DF et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| The Death of a Child and Parents' Psychological Distress in Mid to Later Life: Racial/Ethnic Differences in Exposure and Vulnerability. | Umberson D et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| The Environment, Leiomyomas, Latinas, and Adiposity Study: rationale and design. | Manuel EC et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| The Impact of Racial and Non-racial Discrimination on Health Behavior Change Among Visible Minority Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic. | Currie CL et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| The impact of two types of COVID-19-related discrimination and contemporaneous stressors on Chinese immigrants in the US South. | Stolte A et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| The Role of Socioeconomic Status in a Community-Based Study of Diabetes Secondary Prevention Among African Americans. | Silberberg M et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Toward the elimination of race-based medicine: replace race with racism as preeclampsia risk factor. | Ukoha EP et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Uncovering Historical Legacies to Contextualize Health Inequities in Puerto Rican Men: An Expansion of the Minority Stress Model. | Valdez LA et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| What did the pandemic teach us about effective health communication? Unpacking the COVID-19 infodemic. | Cooks EJ et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| An Intervention for the Transition From Pediatric or Adolescent to Adult-Oriented HIV Care: Protocol for the Development and Pilot Implementation of iTransition. | Tanner AE et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Association of Perceived Stress and Discrimination on Medication Adherence among Diverse Patients with Uncontrolled Hypertension. | Alvarez C et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Associations between everyday discrimination and sleep quality and duration among African-Americans over time in the Jackson Heart Study. | Johnson DA et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Associations Between Work-Related Factors and Psychological Distress Among Construction Workers. | Dennerlein JT et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Biopsychosocial Predictors of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms among First-Generation Black African Immigrants. | Saasa S et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Black-White disparities in women's physical health: The role of socioeconomic status and racism-related stressors. | Smith NC | — | 2021 | → |
| Black-White racial health disparities in inflammation and physical health: Cumulative stress, social isolation, and health behaviors. | McClendon J et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Context, design and conduct of the longitudinal COVID-19 psychological research consortium study-wave 3. | McBride O et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Cumulative stress: A general "s" factor in the structure of stress. | Mann FD et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Differential Impact of Experienced and Anticipated Discrimination on Sleep and Health Among Sexual Minorities. | Chan KKS et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Discrimination and hair cortisol concentration among asian, latinx and white young adults. | Yip T et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Discrimination and its relation to psychosocial well-being among diverse youth in Sweden. | Gyberg F et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Discrimination and Leukocyte Telomere Length by Depressive Symptomatology: The Jackson Heart Study. | Glover LM et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Discrimination, perceived control, and psychological health among African Americans with hypertension. | Vargas EA et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Distinguishing distress from disorder: Black-white patterns in the determinants of and links between depressive symptoms and major depression. | Tobin CST | — | 2021 | → |
| Diversions: How the Underrepresentation of Research on Advantaged Groups Leaves Explanations for Health Inequalities Incomplete. | Link BG et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Does Early Life Racial Discrimination Explain a Mental Health Paradox among Black Adults? | Thomas Tobin CS et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Effects of Life Events and Social Isolation on Stroke and Coronary Heart Disease. | Gronewold J et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Evaluating associations between area-level Twitter-expressed negative racial sentiment, hate crimes, and residents' racial prejudice in the United States. | Nguyen TT et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Experience of and Worry About Discrimination, Social Media Use, and Depression Among Asians in the United States During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Cross-sectional Survey Study. | Pan S et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Exploring the Consequences of Major Lifetime Discrimination, Neighborhood Conditions, Chronic Work, and Everyday Discrimination on Health and Retirement. | Gonzales E et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Financial hardship and suicide ideation: Age and gender difference in a Korean panel study. | Choi M et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Gender differences in African Americans' reactions to and coping with discrimination: Results from The National Study of American Life. | Sullivan JM et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Influence of Stress, Gender, and Minority Status on Cardiovascular Disease Risk in the Hispanic/Latino Community: Protocol for a Longitudinal Observational Cohort Study. | Poteat T et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Introduction to Special Issue on AfroLatinidad: Theory, Research, and Practice. | Sanchez D | — | 2021 | → |
| Longitudinal Analysis of Psychosocial Stressors and Body Mass Index in Middle-Aged and Older Adults in the United States. | Cuevas AG et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Mindfulness interventions for offsetting health risk following early life stress: Promising directions. | Lindsay EK | — | 2021 | → |
| Neighborhood disadvantage and individual-level life stressors in relation to breast cancer incidence in US Black women. | Barber LE et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Perceived discrimination and health outcomes among middle-aged and older adults in India: results of a national survey in 2017-2018. | Pengpid S et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Perceived discrimination and mental health among the Chinese diaspora during COVID-19. | Chen Y et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Predictors of cognitive decline in a multi-racial sample of midlife women: A longitudinal study. | Dixon JS et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Predictors of COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy: Socio-Demographics, Co-Morbidity, and Past Experience of Racial Discrimination. | Savoia E et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Protocol for the Mason: Health Starts Here prospective cohort study of young adult college students. | Cuellar AE et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Psychosocial Mechanisms of Self-rated Successful Aging with HIV: A Structural Equation Model. | Rubtsova AA et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Race, Ethnicity, and Clinical Features of Alcohol Use Disorder Among US Military Veterans: Results From the National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study. | Carr MM et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Race, geographical location and other risk factors for hypertension: South African National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011/12. | Reddy SP et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Social Stressors, Arboviral Infection, and Immune Dysregulation in the Coastal Lowland Region of Ecuador: A Mixed Methods Approach in Ecological Perspective. | Vega Ocasio D et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Stress-Induced Eating Among Racial/Ethnic Groups in the United States: a Systematic Review. | Kazmierski KFM et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Stress interventions and hypertension in Black women. | Kalinowski J et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| The Differential Contribution of Adverse Childhood Experiences and Perceived Discrimination on Substance Use among Hispanic Emerging Adults. | Espinosa A et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| The Effects of Perceived Stress and Cortisol Concentration on Antiretroviral Adherence When Mediated by Psychological Flexibility Among Southern Black Men Living with HIV. | Cooper RL et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| The Effects of Polyvictimization on Mental and Physical Health Outcomes in an LGBTQ Sample. | Kassing F et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| The impact of COVID-19 on the well-being and cognition of older adults living in the United States and Latin America. | Babulal GM et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| The Perfect Storm: COVID-19 Health Disparities in US Blacks. | Phillips N et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| The psychological impacts of COVID-19 related stressors on Syrian refugees in Turkey: The role of resource loss, discrimination, and social support. | Kurt G et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| The Relationship between Political, Economic, Social, and Cultural Vulnerability and Food Insecurity among Adults Aged 50 Years and Older. | Brady PJ et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| The relative contributions of behavioral, biological, and psychological risk factors in the association between psychosocial stress and all-cause mortality among middle- and older-aged adults in the USA. | Rodgers J et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| What Racism Has to Do with It: Understanding and Reducing Sexually Transmitted Diseases in Youth of Color. | Boutrin MC et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Workplace Discrimination and Short Sleep Among Healthcare Workers: The Buffering Effect of People-Oriented Culture. | Maglalang DD et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Youth academic achievement, social context, and body mass index. | Gaydosh L et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Assessing the Role of Health Behaviors, Socioeconomic Status, and Cumulative Stress for Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Obesity. | Cuevas AG et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| A Structural Model of Social Determinants of the Metabolic Syndrome. | Smith KW et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| A systematic review on the effects of social discrimination on telomere length. | Coimbra BM et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Biopsychosocial Mechanisms Linking Gender Minority Stress to HIV Comorbidities Among Black and Latina Transgender Women (LITE Plus): Protocol for a Mixed Methods Longitudinal Study. | Rich AJ et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Change in quality of life over eight years in a nationally representative sample of US adults with heart disease and type 2 diabetes:minority race and toxic stress as keysocial determinants. | Nkwata AK et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Death by a Thousand Cuts: Stress Exposure and Black-White Disparities in Physiological Functioning in Late Life. | Boen C | — | 2020 | → |
| Discrimination and systemic inflammation: A critical review and synthesis. | Cuevas AG et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Discrimination and Well-Being Among Asians/Asian Americans During COVID-19: The Role of Social Media. | Yang CC et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Discrimination as a social determinant of stress and health among New York City taxi drivers. | Mirpuri S et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Disentangling the Stress Process: Race/Ethnic Differences in the Exposure and Appraisal of Chronic Stressors Among Older Adults. | Brown LL et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Disparities in Cardiovascular Care and Outcomes for Women From Racial/Ethnic Minority Backgrounds. | Balla S et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Experiences of discrimination and self-reported health in Chinese migrants: a structural equation model. | Tong L et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Intersectional analysis of life stress, incarceration and sexual health risk practices among cisgender Black gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men in the Deep South of the US: the MARI Study. | Duncan DT et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Life Stressors: Elevations and Disparities Among Older Adults with Pain. | Brennan PL | — | 2020 | → |
| Longitudinal cohort of HIV-negative transgender women of colour in New York City: protocol for the TURNNT ('Trying to Understand Relationships, Networks and Neighbourhoods among Transgender women of colour') study. | Callander D et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Measuring More Than Exposure: Does Stress Appraisal Matter for Black-White Differences in Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms Among Older Adults? | Brown LL et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Mental Health Stigma and Wellbeing Among Commercial Construction Workers: A Mixed Methods Study. | Eyllon M et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Multiple financial stressors and serious psychological distress among adults in the USA. | Tsuchiya K et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Perceived Discrimination and Mental Distress Amid the COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence From the Understanding America Study. | Liu Y et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Perceived Stress is Associated with Alzheimer's Disease Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers in African Americans with Mild Cognitive Impairment. | Trammell AR et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Pervasive Discrimination and Allostatic Load in African American and White Adults. | Van Dyke ME et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Poverty and mental health among migrants: When is ingroup exposure more protective than social ties? | Tulin M et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Predicting self-harm in an ethnically diverse sample of lesbian, gay and bisexual people in the United Kingdom. | Rehman Z et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Predictors of Alcohol Use in Safety-Net Primary Care: Classism, Religiosity, and Race. | Trujillo MA et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Prenatal and childhood predictors of hair cortisol concentration in mid-childhood and early adolescence. | Petimar J et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Promoting Mindfulness in African American Communities. | Biggers A et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Providing Unique Support for Health Study Among Young Black and Latinx Men Who Have Sex With Men and Young Black and Latinx Transgender Women Living in 3 Urban Cities in the United States: Protocol for a Coach-Based Mobile-Enhanced Randomized Control Trial. | Arrington-Sanders R et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Race, death of a child, and mortality risk among aging parents in the United States. | Donnelly R et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Race moderates the association of perceived everyday discrimination and hair cortisol concentration. | Lehrer HM et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| SARS-CoV-2 morbidity and mortality in racial/ethnic minority populations: A window into the stress related inflammatory basis of health disparities? | Gelaye B et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Shortened telomere length is associated with unfair treatment attributed to race in African Americans living in Tallahassee, Florida. | Rej PH et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Social determinants of alcohol and cigarette use by race/ethnicity: Can we ignore measurement issues? | Lopez-Vergara HI et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Stress and the Home Environment in Caregivers of Children with Sickle Cell. | Varughese TE et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Suicide risk among gender and sexual minority college students: The roles of victimization, discrimination, connectedness, and identity affirmation. | Busby DR et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| The association between discrimination and PTSD in African Americans: exploring the role of gender. | Brooks Holliday S et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| The Role of Neighborhood Experiences in Psychological Distress among African American and White Smokers. | Scheuermann TS et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| What Predicts a Mayoral Official's Opinion about the Role of Stress in Health Disparities? | Cuevas AG et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Working Together with God: Religious Coping, Perceived Discrimination, and Hypertension. | Teteh DK et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| A Mental Health-Physical Health-Violence (MPV) Syndemic Factor in Women with Mental Disorders. | McCabe BE et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Angiotensin II receptor blocker attenuates stress pressor response in young adult African Americans. | Jeong JH et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Association Between High Perceived Stress Over Time and Incident Hypertension in Black Adults: Findings From the Jackson Heart Study. | Spruill TM et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Association Between Stress and Coping with DNA Methylation of Blood Pressure-Related Genes Among African American Women. | Brown KM et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Concepts for migration-sensitive health monitoring. | Schumann M et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Could epigenetics help explain racial disparities in chronic pain? | Aroke EN et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Cumulative Psychosocial Stress and Ideal Cardiovascular Health in Older Women. | Burroughs Peña MS et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Darker skin color is associated with a lower likelihood of smoking cessation among males but not females. | Alexander AC et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Discrimination, Coping, and Social Exclusion among African Immigrants in the United States: A Moderation Analysis. | Saasa SK | — | 2019 | → |
| Disparities in insulin resistance between black and white adults in the United States: The role of lifespan stress exposure. | Fuller-Rowell TE et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Do Race and Everyday Discrimination Predict Mortality Risk? Evidence From the Health and Retirement Study. | Farmer HR et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Factors That Explain Differences in Abstinence Between Black and White Smokers: A Prospective Intervention Study. | Nollen NL et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Financial Stress and Risk of Coronary Heart Disease in the Jackson Heart Study. | Moran KE et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Individual, Social, and Societal Correlates of Health-Related Quality of Life Among African American Survivors of Ovarian Cancer: Results from the African American Cancer Epidemiology Study. | Anderson RT et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Internalizing Profiles of Homeless Adults: Investigating Links Between Perceived Ostracism and Need-Threat. | Van Zalk N et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Light Privilege? Skin Tone Stratification in Health among African Americans. | Hargrove TW | — | 2019 | → |
| Longer-but Harder-Lives?: The Hispanic Health Paradox and the Social Determinants of Racial, Ethnic, and Immigrant-Native Health Disparities from Midlife through Late Life. | Boen CE et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Mental Health Outcomes of Discrimination among College Students on a Predominately White Campus: A Prospective Study. | Jochman JC et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Perceived discrimination and mental health among older African Americans: the role of psychological well-being. | Yoon E et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Perceived discrimination, trust in physicians, and prolonged symptom duration before ovarian cancer diagnosis in the African American Cancer Epidemiology Study. | Mullins MA et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Placing prostate cancer disparities within a psychosocial context: challenges and opportunities for future research. | Cuevas AG et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Psychosocial Stress and Overweight and Obesity: Findings From the Chicago Community Adult Health Study. | Cuevas AG et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Racism and Health: Evidence and Needed Research. | Williams DR et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Religiosity and health: A global comparative study. | Zimmer Z et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Role of stress management for cardiovascular disease prevention. | Chinnaiyan KM | — | 2019 | → |
| Stressor landscapes, birth weight, and prematurity at the intersection of race and income: Elucidating birth contexts through patterned life events. | Koning SM et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Stressors in Midlife and Risk of Dementia: The Role of Race and Education. | Gilsanz P et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| The Association Between Perceived Discrimination and Allostatic Load in the Boston Puerto Rican Health Study. | Cuevas AG et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| The Mind-Body Study: study design and reproducibility and interrelationships of psychosocial factors in the Nurses' Health Study II. | Huang T et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| The moderating role of race/ethnicity and nativity in the relationship between perceived discrimination and overweight and obesity: results from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. | Cuevas AG et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| The Prevalence and Health Impacts of Frequent Work Discrimination and Harassment among Women Firefighters in the US Fire Service. | Jahnke SA et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| The weathering hypothesis as an explanation for racial disparities in health: a systematic review. | Forde AT et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| When richer doesn't mean thinner: Ethnicity, socioeconomic position, and the risk of child obesity in the United Kingdom. | Goisis A et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| A multi-group path analysis of the relationship between perceived racial discrimination and self-rated stress: how does it vary across racial/ethnic groups? | Yang TC et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Behaviors and Risks for Cardiovascular Disease Among Muslim Women in the United States. | Budhwani H et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Discrimination and Health Among Taxi Drivers in New York and Toronto. | Mirpuri S et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Everyday Discrimination among African American Men: The Impact of Criminal Justice Contact. | Taylor RJ et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| High rates of posttraumatic stress symptoms in women living with HIV in Canada. | Wagner AC et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Intersecting Social Inequalities and Body Mass Index Trajectories from Adolescence to Early Adulthood. | Hargrove TW | — | 2018 | → |
| Measuring Emergency Care Survival: The Implications of Risk Adjusting for Race and Poverty. | Ioannides KLH et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Perceived Unfair Treatment by Police, Race, and Telomere Length: A Nashville Community-based Sample of Black and White Men. | McFarland MJ et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Physical-psychiatric comorbidity: patterns and explanations for ethnic group differences. | Erving CL | — | 2018 | → |
| Psychosocial Mechanisms Underlying Older Black Men's Health. | Brown TH et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Psychosocial Stress Over the Lifespan, Psychological Factors, and Cardiometabolic Risk in the Community. | Gebreab SZ et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Racial disparities in health among nonpoor African Americans and Hispanics: The role of acute and chronic discrimination. | Colen CG et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Racial/Ethnic Inequities in Low Birth Weight and Preterm Birth: The Role of Multiple Forms of Stress. | Almeida J et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Right back like we left something: examining the commodification of Blackness in social services to address racial disparities - the case of Hartford. | Searcy Y | — | 2018 | → |
| Stress and Achievement of Cardiovascular Health Metrics: The American Heart Association Life's Simple 7 in Blacks of the Jackson Heart Study. | Brewer LC et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Stress and the Mental Health of Populations of Color: Advancing Our Understanding of Race-related Stressors. | Williams DR | — | 2018 | → |
| The association of perceived discrimination and depressive symptoms among Chinese, Korean, and Vietnamese Americans. | Chau V et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| The effects of whiteness on the health of whites in the USA. | Malat J et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Trends for Reported Discrimination in Health Care in a National Sample of Older Adults with Chronic Conditions. | Nguyen TT et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Weighed down by discriminatory policing: Perceived unfair treatment and black-white disparities in waist circumference. | McFarland MJ et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| When anger expression might be beneficial for African Americans: The moderating role of chronic discrimination. | Park J et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Associations between race, discrimination and risk for chronic disease in a population-based sample from Canada. | Siddiqi A et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Cumulative psychological stress and cardiovascular disease risk in middle aged and older women: Rationale, design, and baseline characteristics. | Albert MA et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Diabetes-Specific and General Life Stress and Glycemic Outcomes in Emerging Adults With Type 1 Diabetes: Is Race/Ethnicity a Moderator? | Butler AM et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Discrimination and symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder among African Americans. | Williams MT et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Hypertension in Blacks: Unanswered Questions and Future Directions for the JHS (Jackson Heart Study). | Muntner P et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Muslim Women's Experiences with Stigma, Abuse, and Depression: Results of a Sample Study Conducted in the United States. | Budhwani H et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Political gender inequality and infant mortality in the United States, 1990-2012. | Homan P | — | 2017 | → |
| Psychosocial Factors and Hypertension: A Review of the Literature. | Cuevas AG et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Race differences in depression vulnerability following Hurricane Katrina. | Ali JS et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Racial Differences in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Vulnerability Following Hurricane Katrina Among a Sample of Adult Cigarette Smokers from New Orleans. | Alexander AC et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Review: Genetic research on alcohol use outcomes in African American populations: A review of the literature, associated challenges, and implications. | Dick DM et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| A clinical trial to examine disparities in quitting between African-American and White adult smokers: Design, accrual, and baseline characteristics. | Nollen NL et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Adult Cigarette Smokers at Highest Risk for Concurrent Alternative Tobacco Product Use Among a Racially/Ethnically and Socioeconomically Diverse Sample. | Nollen NL et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Air Pollution, Cardiovascular Outcomes, and Social Disadvantage: The Multi-ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. | Hicken MT et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| A lost tribe in the city: health status and needs of African asylum seekers and refugees in Hong Kong. | Wong WC et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Childhood adversity and adult health: Evaluating intervening mechanisms. | Turner RJ et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Childhood Adversity and Men's Relationships in Adulthood: Life Course Processes and Racial Disadvantage. | Umberson D et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Discrimination and common mental disorder among migrant and ethnic groups: findings from a South East London Community sample. | Hatch SL et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Life Course Pathways to Racial Disparities in Cognitive Impairment among Older Americans. | Zhang Z et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Life Stress, Race, and Abnormal Glucose Metabolism in Postmenopausal Women. | Dormire SL | — | 2016 | → |
| Race and Skin Color in Latino Health: An Analytic Review. | Cuevas AG et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Racial and Ethnic Differences in Self-Reported Periodontal Disease in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). | Weatherspoon DJ et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Relationships of cognitive load on eating and weight-related behaviors of young adults. | Byrd-Bredbenner C et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| The Contribution of Psychosocial Stressors to Sleep among African Americans in the Jackson Heart Study. | Johnson DA et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Understanding and effectively addressing breast cancer in African American women: Unpacking the social context. | Williams DR et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Understanding associations among race, socioeconomic status, and health: Patterns and prospects. | Williams DR et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Workplace Discrimination Is Associated With Alcohol Abuse Among Ethnically Diverse Hospital Staff. | Thrasher AD et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| A Comparison of Birth Outcomes Among Black, Hispanic, and Black Hispanic Women. | Bediako PT et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Discrimination and Cumulative Disease Damage Among African American Women With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. | Chae DH et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Ethnic Differences in Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors: A Systematic Review of North American Evidence. | Gasevic D et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| RACE AS LIVED EXPERIENCE: The Impact of Multi-Dimensional Measures of Race/Ethnicity on the Self-Reported Health Status of Latinos. | Garcia JA et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Men's Health: Examining Psychosocial Mechanisms. | Brown TH et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Self-reported experiences of discrimination and health: scientific advances, ongoing controversies, and emerging issues. | Lewis TT et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| The mental health of US Black women: the roles of social context and severe intimate partner violence. | Lacey KK et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Unintended birth among Hispanic women in Texas: a descriptive analysis. | Vasquez D et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Associations between self-reported discrimination and diurnal cortisol rhythms among young adults: The moderating role of racial-ethnic minority status. | Zeiders KH et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Childhood adversity, adult neighborhood context, and cumulative biological risk for chronic diseases in adulthood. | Slopen N et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Discrimination, other psychosocial stressors, and self-reported sleep duration and difficulties. | Slopen N et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Everyday discrimination is associated with nicotine dependence among African American, Latino, and White smokers. | Kendzor DE et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Fine particulate matter air pollution and blood pressure: the modifying role of psychosocial stress. | Hicken MT et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Impact of Arizona's SB 1070 immigration law on utilization of health care and public assistance among Mexican-origin adolescent mothers and their mother figures. | Toomey RB et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Intervening within and across levels: a multilevel approach to stigma and public health. | Cook JE et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Racial disparities in self-rated health: trends, explanatory factors, and the changing role of socio-demographics. | Beck AN et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Racial/ethnic disparities in hypertension prevalence: reconsidering the role of chronic stress. | Hicken MT et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| The Cultural Relevance of Mindfulness Meditation as a Health Intervention for African Americans: Implications for Reducing Stress-Related Health Disparities. | Woods-Giscombé CL et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| The effects of food advertising and cognitive load on food choices. | Zimmerman FJ et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Black-white blood pressure disparities: depressive symptoms and differential vulnerability to blood lead. | Hicken MT et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| Erratum to: Interpersonal discrimination and health-related quality of life among black and white men and women in the United States. | Sellers SL et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| "Every shut eye, ain't sleep": The role of racism-related vigilance in racial/ethnic disparities in sleep difficulty. | Hicken MT et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| Intergroup relations and health disparities: a social psychological perspective. | Major B et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| Interpersonal discrimination and health-related quality of life among black and white men and women in the United States. | Sellers S et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| Race differences in age-trends of autonomic nervous system functioning. | Fuller-Rowell TE et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| Racial discrimination & cardiovascular disease risk: my body my story study of 1005 US-born black and white community health center participants (US). | Krieger N et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| Racism and Health I: Pathways and Scientific Evidence. | Williams DR et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| Stigma and racial/ethnic HIV disparities: moving toward resilience. | Earnshaw VA et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| The social group influences of US health journalists and their impact on the newsmaking process. | McCauley MP et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| Transgenerational Consequences of Racial Discrimination for African American Health. | Goosby BJ et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| "White Box" Epidemiology and the Social Neuroscience of Health Behaviors: The Environmental Affordances Model. | Mezuk B et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| Allostatic load burden and racial disparities in mortality. | Duru OK et al. | — | 2012 | → |
| Ethnic Differences in Family Stress Processes Among African-Americans and Black Caribbeans. | Goosby BJ et al. | — | 2012 | → |
| Investigating the Relationship between Perceived Discrimination, Social Status, and Mental Health. | Lee H et al. | — | 2012 | → |
| Miles to go before we sleep: racial inequities in health. | Williams DR | — | 2012 | → |
| Psychosocial stressors and cigarette smoking among African American adults in midlife. | Slopen N et al. | — | 2012 | → |
| Theory-guided selection of discrimination measures for racial/ ethnic health disparities research among older adults. | Thrasher AD et al. | — | 2012 | → |
| The social context of cardiovascular disease: challenges and opportunities for the Jackson Heart Study. | Williams DR et al. | — | 2012 | → |
| Community development efforts offer a major opportunity to advance Americans' health. | Williams DR et al. | — | 2011 | → |
| Exposing racial discrimination: implicit & explicit measures--the My Body, My Story study of 1005 US-born black & white community health center members. | Krieger N et al. | — | 2011 | → |