Level of response to alcohol as a factor for targeted prevention in college students.
- Authors
- Savage, Jeanne E; Neale, Zoe; Cho, Seung Bin; Hancock, Linda; Kalmijn, Jelger A; Smith, Tom L; Schuckit, Marc A; Donovan, Kristen Kidd; Dick, Danielle M
- Year
- 2015
- Journal
- Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research
- PMID
- 26503068
- DOI
- 10.1111/acer.12874
- PMCID
- PMC4624230
BACKGROUND: Heavy alcohol consumption and alcohol problems among college students are widespread and associated with negative outcomes for individuals and communities. Although current methods for prevention and intervention programming have some demonstrated efficacy, heavy drinking remains a problem. A previous pilot study and a recent large-scale evaluation (Schuckit et al., , ) found that a tailored prevention program based on a risk factor for heavy drinking, low level of response (low LR) to alcohol, was more effective at reducing heavy drinking than a state-of-the-art (SOTA) standard prevention program for individuals with the low LR risk factor. METHODS: This study enrolled 231 first-semester college freshmen with either high or low LR into the same level of response-based (LRB) or SOTA online prevention programs as in the previous reports (consisting of 4 weeks of video modules), as well as a group of matched controls not receiving alcohol prevention, and compared changes in alcohol use between these groups across a 6-month period. RESULTS: Individuals in alcohol prevention programs had a greater reduction in maximum drinks per occasion and alcohol use disorder symptoms than controls. There was limited evidence for interactions between LR and prevention group in predicting change in alcohol use behaviors; only among participants with strict adherence to the program was there an interaction between LR and program in predicting maximum drinks per occasion. However, overall, low LR individuals showed greater decreases in drinking behaviors, especially risky behaviors (e.g., maximum drinks, frequency of heavy drinking) than high LR individuals. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that prevention programs, including brief and relatively inexpensive web-based programs, may be effective for persons at highest risk for heavier drinking, such as those with a low LR. Tailored programs may provide incremental benefits under some conditions. Long-term follow-ups and further investigations of tailored prevention programs based on other risk factors are needed.
Timeline and content of assessments from the prevention programs and parent Spit for Science survey.
Change across time in maximum drinks in 24 hours in the past 30 days for students with high or low level of response (LR) enrolled in either a level of response based (LRB) or state-of-the-art (SOTA) alcohol prevention program. Points represent estimated marginal means from the mixed model analyses (Table 3), controlling for the effects of sex, ethnicity, and Baseline/Fall alcohol frequency and quantity.
Change in A) maximum drinks in 24 hours and B) alcohol use disorder symptoms from Baseline/Fall to Week 22/Spring in college students with low and high levels of response (LR) to alcohol, enrolled in either a state-of-the-art or level of response-based alcohol prevention program (Prevention), and their matched controls who did not participate in an prevention program (No Prevention). Points represent estimated marginal means from the mixed model analyses (Table 5), controlling for the effects of sex and ethnicity.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| Digital Intervention Components for Preventing and Reducing Substance Use in Adolescents and Emerging Adults: A Comprehensive Scoping Review. | Ochterbeck D et al. | — | 2026 | → |
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